Religious Prayascittas according to old Jaina Ritual

Author(s): Collete Caillat
Publisher: Z_Mahavir_Jain_Vidyalay_Suvarna_Mahotsav_Granth_Part_1_012002.pdf and Mahavir_Jain_Vidyalay_Suvarna_

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110 : SHŘI MAHAVIRA JAINA VIDYALAYA GOLDEN JUBILEE VOLUME
Then, the parihāra is set into "motion ", or given (prasthāpanā, paţthavaņā; dāņa, according to the Nisiha-cunni).111
The patthavaņā is said to be of two kinds, 112 the ārovaná of five sorts;113 among the latter, the “complete" variety, kasina (krtsnā) and the akasină appear to be the most important.
In the case of akasiņā the total length is reduced, the "suppression "114 varying so that the remaining expiation be necessary and sufficient to purify the culprit.115 In the case of kasiņā there are no varying suppressions, but only fixed ones: fifteen days are suppressed at the beginning and five at the end of each month (cf. VavBh 1, 247).
The commentators name six sorts of kasiņā (VavBh 1, 385 = NisBh 6 616); they give details about the fifth (anudghāta-kệtsna) which is "complete without abatement', and still more about the fourth, or anugraha-kstsnā," complete with remission”.
The remission is granted when the culprit, at the time of confession, expresses his regrets (“hă duşthu kytam”ity adi), or when he is known to be weak.116 The mechanism is explained thus: suppose a monk has successively incurred two parihāra of six months each: he will perform only six months altogether. Two cases occur :
(1) six days of the six first months have already been performed: the remaining five months 24 days are suppressed; the second group of six months are theoretically prescribed, but in fact, six days are suppressed;117
(2) of the first group of six months, only six days remain to be performed. If a new fault, liable to six months is committed, these six months are theoretically inflicted, but in practice reduced to six days. 118
If there is no remission, the arrangements are as follow:
(1) the new fault occurs at the end of the six first days: the remaining five months 24 days are suppressed, while the six months
111 Quoted by Malayagiri VavȚ III 2 a 10; cf. Bh 1, 294 a. 112 VavBh 1, 412 a = NisBh 6 642 a. 113 VavBh 1, 413 = NisBh 6 643. 114 jhosa, jhosa, jhoşayati, eventually explained parityāga, parityajati,
VavT III 11 a; 6 a-b. 115 VavŢ II 86 b 10 ff. 116 VavŢ III 37 b. 117 Ibid., 7 a - b. 118 Ibid., 7 a.