On Indian Sect of Jainas

Author(s): Jas Burgess
Publisher: Jas Burgess

Page 30

Footnote 44: What follows is from the author's later and fuller paper in Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes, Bd. I, S. 170 f., but abridged.--Ed.
Footnote 45: The word nirvartana has the meaning of 'in obedience to the order' or 'in consequence of the request'. It occurs again in the Prakrit form nivatanam below, in No. 10 (pl. xiv) and it has stood in No. 4, and at the end of 1.2 of No. 7, where the rubbing has nirva. It is also found in the next: Arch. Sur. Rep. vol. XX, pl. v, No. 6.
Footnote 46. In reading the first figure as 60, I follow Sir A. Cunningham. I have never seen the sign, in another inscription. The characters of the inscription are so archaic that this date may refer to an earlier epoch than the Indo-Skythian.
Footnote 47: Sac. Bks. East, vol. XXII p. 292.
Footnote 48: S. B. E. vol. XXII, p. 288, note 2.
Footnote 49: Wiener Zeitshe.f. d. Kunde der Morgenl., Bd. II, S. 142 f.
Footnote 50: At a later date Dr. Bühler added other proofs from inscriptions of the authenticity of the Jaina tradition, in the Vienna Oriental Journal, vol. II, pp. 141-146, vol. III, pp. 233-240; vol. IV, pp. 169-173, 313-318, vol. V, pp. 175-180; and in Epigraphia Indica, vol. I pp. 371-397; vol. II, pp. 195-212, 311. The paragraphs given above are chiefly from his first paper in the Vienna Oriental Journal (vol. I, pp. 165-180), which appears to be an extended revision of the long footnote in the original paper on the Jainas, but it is here corrected in places from readings in his later papers.--J. B.
Footnote 51: Epigraphia Indica, vol. I, pp. 382, 388.
Footnote 52: For the above lists see Wiener Zeitschi. Bd. IV, S. 316 ff. and Kalpasūtra in S. B. E. vol. XXII, pp. 290 f.
JAINA MYTHOLOGY.
The mythology of the Jainas, whilst including many of the Hindu divinities, to which it accords very inferior positions, is altogether different in composition. It has all the appearance of a purely constructed system. The gods are classified and subdivided into orders, genera, and species, all are mortal, have their ages fixed, as well as their abodes, and are mostly distinguished by cognizances chihnasor lânchhaņas. Their Tîrthakaras, Tirthamkaras, or perfected saints, are usually known as twenty-four belonging to the present age. But the mythology takes account also of a past and a future age or renovation of the world, and to each of these aeons are assigned twenty-four Tîrthakaras. But this is not all: in their cosmogony they lay down other continents besides Jambûdvîpa-Bharata or that which we dwell in. These are separated from Jambûdvîpa by impassable seas, but exactly like it in every respect and are called