Karma Mimansa

Author(s): Berriedale Keith
Publisher: Berriedale Keith

Page 97

88
THE KARMA-MIMĀMSĀ
any good results mentioned being treated as merely Arthavāda, though on occasions a thing like curds, which serves as an element in offerings, may be used to make efficient the sense organs of the sacrificer, and thus to serve for his benefit. The last instance shows that the correspondence between actions for the benefit of the agent and principal actions is by no nieans completę.
The question of what things can be subsidiary is the subject of an elaborate investigation; according to Badari's opinion, cited in the Mimumsā Stātra (III, 1,3), the only subsidiaries are substances, accessories, namely, the Mantras and the deities, and purificatory actions, such as the threshing of corn. To this list Jaimini adds actions or sacrifices generally, results, and agents. The distinction between the two sets, according to the Vrttikära, whom Sabarasvamin cites, is that the first three classes are essentially in their nature subsidiary, while the latter three are in one sense principal, in another subsidiary. Thus the sacrifices are principal with reference to the materials, but subsidiary to the result; the result is principal with reference to the sacrifice, but subsidiary towards the agent; the agent, again, is principal with regard to the result, but subsidiary to such acts as the measuring of the sacrificial post, which is to be related to his height. From another point of view the agent may be said to be subsidiary to the sacrifices, since it is to perform them that he acts.
Prabhakara* divides the subsidiaries into four classes, according to the heads of class (jāti), quality, substance, and actions, denoted by verbs (bhāvarthātmaka). The last head he divides into those actions which are directly conducive to the fulfilment of the sacrifice (samnipatyopakāraka), and those which are more distantly conducive to this result (äridupakāraka). The former he classifies in four divisions; the bringing into existence (utpatti) of some object, as the production of dough by kneading the corn; the obtaining (prapti) of a substance already in existence, such as milk; the modification (vikrti) of a substance, as of
Pra totlettel PP 202 # of Mindardnodyapraksta pp 82.67 where the drobiontrarold stoko oud Arvyd