________________
C = 3d+
16d
113
We have shown elsewhere (Hayashi et al. 1989) that this formula was invented as an approximation to Aryabhata's (Aryabhatiya 2.10):
(-355).
113
Thus, Vīrasena uses the three approximations, 3, √10 and 355/113, for л: the first value for the area and the rest for the circumference.
jivas
samkha (a conch-shell) gomhi (a centipede) bhamara (a bee) maccha (a fish)
Jain Education International
C 62832 20000
Approximate Volumes of Irregular Solids
The volumes of the fields occupied by various jīvas living outside Svayamprabhā mountain, and having two to five sense organs, are given an approximate calculation. The 'depth' (ogahaṇa) or the height of each creature is stipulated in the following verse, and the other sizes are given by Vīrasena in his calculation of each volume.
samkho puṇa bāraha jovaṇāṇi gomhi bhava tikosam tu | bhamaro joyaṇam egaṁ maccho puṇa joyaṇasahasso || (Stanza 12 cited in Dhavala on CK 1.3.2; vol. 4, p. 33)
number of sense organs
depth
23
2
4
5
60
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12 joyaṇas
3 kosas
1 joyaṇa
1000 joyaṇas
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