Jainas in History of Indian Literature

Author(s): Jinvijay
Publisher: ZZZ Unknown

Page 64

LEXICOGRAPHICAL WORKS OF THE JAINAS
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He should not kill an ascetic, nor a Brahman, nor a coward who has thrown away his arms, nor one who is near destruction, nor one who has met with a calamity, nor an eunuch, a naked one, one who has joined his hands, who is not fighting, who sleeps or is ill or is supplicant, or one who holds a blade of grass in his mouth between his teeth, nor a child, nor one who is about to be consecrated (for a sacrifice), nor one who has come (as a guest) to his house". Similar rules are found in the Manusmrti (VII, 91 ff.).
On the whole the Laghvarhannīti has more the character of a Dharmaśāstra than that of a Nītiśāstra. Bat the principal topics of the Nītiśāstra proper are not missing. The first Adhikāra contains instructions and rules of conduct for kings, ministers, generals, and other state officials. This is little different from what we find in the Kauțiliya and other Nītiśāstras. The second Adhikāra, too, agrees on the whole with the chapters on the six methods of politics (şadguṇiḥ), as described in the Kautilīya-Arthaśāstra and elsewhere. Nīti is said (II, 1, 5 ) to be threefold, consisting of war, punishment, and judicial procedure. The chapter on daņdanīti (I1, 2) begins with a quotation from the Jaina canon, viz. The Sthānāngasūtra, where seven kinds of punishments are enumerated:
तत्र जैनागमे दण्डनीतयः सप्तधा स्मृताः । ताः स्युर्हाकारमाकारधिक्काराः परिभाषणम् ॥ मण्डले बन्धनं काराक्षेपणं चाङ्गखण्डनम् ।
अष्टमो द्रव्यदण्डोऽपि स्वीकृतो नीतिकोविदैः ॥ ... "Seven kinds of punishment are recorded in the Jain tradition. These are: Expression of re
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