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limited issues. As such, though they aspired for total shift to fundamental form and complete obliteration of newly rooted beliefs through reforms, they ultimately could not succeed. Apart from this, two more reasons also served as major hindrances in the path of reformation. The Temple dwellers washed the brains of people with such a psychological feeling that in the changed religious, social and political milieu, Jain religion could not continue to survive unless and until it leans against and takes the support of the Nigamas and Upani adas - the texts written by Temple dwellers. And the second reason was Temple dwellers made such arrangements and comforts even for the detached / renouncers that the monks and female monks could lead their lives without any trouble or hardships and could command the respect of their followers. The facilities they enjoyed were as follows:
The original tenet where rama as were recommended to wander throughout their lives was replaced by permanent stay at a temple or a monastery. The tough principle of Madhukar (seeking alms), was given up. Delicious food prepared in the kitchens of temples or monasteries, to offer to Jina was consumed by them. They were free to spend the money, offered by the loyal devotees in temples and shrines, for their personal comforts. They decided and conveyed the auspicious time for all the familial activities of their devotees. Using their knowledge of prognostics they even predicted their future. They wore colourful perfumed clothes. They possessed and accumulated money. They gave up the toughest rituals like ke a lumcana, etc. They kept the mouth fresh by eating betel. They consumed ghee, milk, fruits etc. as per their wish. They drank and used live (sacitta) water for other purposes. They used vehicle for conveyance. They accumulated clothes, vessels, etc. They slept on mattresses. They applied oil and massaged Abhyamga (paste of turmeric, oil, and ground pulse) etc on the body. To increase the number of disciples, they offered money to parents and buy small kids.
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