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cannot be called mango. Thus we see it is essential to understand the diference between soul / self and living being. 3. Synonyms of ātmā and jīva in Jain texts and their meanings.
Jain texts, especially Dhavalā (Ācārya Vīrasena 10th AD) and Gommațasāra (Acārya Nemicandra Sīddhāntacakravarti 11th century AD), mention a number of synonyms or equivalents of jīva along with their meanings clearly. Briefly some synonyms of living being (empirical soul) are given below : a. jña
Because it cognizes. jñāni
Because knowledge is one of its
attributes. jñātā
Knower or one who knows. Kartā
Doer of its own nature; from practical
viewpoint enjoyer of its matter acts. Bhoktā Enjoyer of its own nature; from practical
viewpoint enjoyer of its matter acts. Vaktā
Speaker or who speaks. Saktā Infatuated with the body, family, friends
and other worldly possessions. . Prāņi Has forces / capabilities of breathing,
sense organs, lifespan and general energy. Vişņū Co-exists in the entire body it owns. Svayambhū Originates and develops by itself. Sariri. With a body Dehi
with spatial extensions. Mänava Built of and by knowledge. Jantū
Gets born in the four destinies i.e. hellish, human, sub-human, sub-human and
heaven. 0. Māni
With the passion - pride p. Māyāvi With the passion - deceit Yogi
Owner of the activities of mind, body and speech.
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