Jain Journal 2001 04

Author(s): Jain Bhawan Publication
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication

Page 36

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JAIN JOURNAL : Vol-XXXV, No. 4 April 2001
The second approach, however, resurfaces in later brahminical and Jain works. In what follows we shall first discuss how Haribhadrasūri upheld this view in his Šāstravārtāsamuccaya (eighth century CE).
Haribhadra mentioned many a philosophical doctrine and system in his Lokatattvaniņaya. His purpose was to prove them all wrong and ultimately establish the superiority of syāduāda, the Jain system of philosophy.3 This is quite understandable. Gunaratna (fifteenth century CE) in the introductory section of his commentary on Haribhadra's Şaļdarśanasamuccaya, too, dealt elaborately with the doctrines of Kāla, īśvara, Ātman, Niyati, Svabhāva and Yadịcchā in considerable detail.4 The tradition of referring to and refuting other doctrines and systems can be traced back to the earliest Jain canonical works and subsequently to their commentaries.
However, in his Šāstravārtāsamuccaya, Haribhadra offered a syncretic view regarding the first cause--something that he did not do in Lokatattvanimaya. After dealing with bhūtavāda (materialism), he proceeded to discuss four ancient doctrines, viz., Kāla-, Svabhāva-, Niyati-, and Karmavāda-s (but not Isvaravāda which he associates with the Nyāya-Vaiseșika). His survey then included the Sāmkhya, three schools of the Buddhists (Sautrāntika, Yogācāra and Mādhyamika, but not the Vaibhāşika), the Advaita Vedānta, Mimāmsā and several other Buddhist doctrines.?
Haribhadra did not accept either Svabhāva or Niyati or Kāla or Karman as the only first cause. Yet he admitted each of them as complementary to the other three. He concluded his discussion in the following way: 3. Haribhadra, Lokatattvanimaya, Amadabad (Ahmedabad) : Sri
Hamsavijayaji Jain Free Library, Vikramasamvat 1978 (1922 CE). Haribhadra writes : lokakriyātmatattve vivadante vādino vibhinnärtham/ aviditapūrvam yeşām syādvädaviniścitam tattvam// v. 41 (f. 13a) Gunaratna, Tarkarahasyadipikā, ed. Luigi Suali, Calcutta : The Asiatic Society, 1905-14, pp. 10-16. Acārangasūtram and Sūtrakrtangasūtram with the Niryukti of Acarya Bhadravāhu Svāmi and the commentary of Silānkācārya, ed. Ācārya Sāgarānandaji Mahārāja, re-ed, with Appendix by Muni Jambuvijayaji, Delhi : MLBD Indological Trust, 1978, pp. 11-12, 15 (for Ācāra.), pp. 10
14, 139-40, 184-191 (for Sūtra.) 6. The śāstravārtāsamuccaya of Ācārya Haribhadrasūri, ed. K.K. Dixit,
Ahmedabad : Lalbhai Dalpatbhai Bhāratiya Sanskriti Vidyamandira,
1969, stavaka-s 1 and 2. 7. Ibid., stavaka-s 3-10.