Jain Journal 1982 07

Author(s): Jain Bhawan Publication
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication

Page 28

JULY 1982
23
(vii)
gotra, those which determine the social status.
(viii) antarāya, those which prevent a person from engaging in a beneficial activity of giving gifts, dāna, realising the full benefit (lābha) of any activity and obtaining therefrom optimum experience, upabhoga, and energy, vīrya.
The first three types of karmas, jñānvaraniya, darśanāvaraniya and mohaniya, are called ghāti or destructive karmas. They are so called because they obstruct knowledge and faith and cause delusion and thereby subvert the true nature of the soul which is illumination and perfect knowledge.
The karman produces lesyās (Uttarādhyayana, 34.1); these leśyās create colour, taste, smell, sense of touch. The lesyās determine a man's character or personality e.g. black lesyā make a person wicked, violent, cruel whereas white lesyā makes a man free from passion, calm with his senses under control, etc.
The role of lesyās has been defined in the Jivakānda of Gommatasāras 489 :
limpai appikirai edie niya apunnapunnam ca jivetti hod lessā lessāgunajanayakkhādā.
That whereby the soul is tinted, identified with merit and demerit (punya and pāpa) is called lesyäso it is taught by those who know the qualities of leśyās.
The karman operates through body, speech and mind which are the creations of matter. According to the Tattvärtha Sutrao 5.19 of Umasvami
Quoted in J. L. Jaini's : Outlines of Jainism, London, 1966, p. 104. See also A. N Upadhye & K. C. Shastri (ed & tr) Gommatsara, Bharatiya Jnanapitha, New Delhi, 1978. Madhavacarya's Sarvadarsanasamgraha in Arhardarsanam 15.21
classifies the karmas as subha and asubha. • J. L. Jajni (ed & tr), Tattvartha-sutra of Umasvami, Delhi, 1951, See also
S. Radhakrishnan & C. A. Moore: A Source Book in Indian Philospohy, Princeton, 1967. Pancastikaya 82 is very specific about the material character of the mind : uvabhojjamidiehi ya indiyakaya mano ya kammani jam havedi muttamanam tam savvam puggalam jana. Things enjoyable by the senses, the five senses themselves, the bodies, the mind, the karmas and other material objects ---all this known as matter (pudgala). Quoted in J. L. Jaini's Outlines of Jainism, London, 1916, p. 84. See also A. Chakravarti Nayanar (ed & tr), Pancastikayasara, Bharatiya Jnanapitha, New Delhi, 1975.