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adhyaya-prabhṛta-vastupūrva-anga-anusāritva, bhinna-akṣaratva, abhinnaakşaratva and 14 purvadharatva. Umasvati continues to explain that he who has attained the capacities of such rddhis but has no desire or attachment to them destroys mohaniya karma totally. He is now the sage in the 12th guṇasthāna. Then, within antarmuhurta, he eradicates the rest of three ghatika karmas (i.e. jñānā varaṇa, darśanavaraṇa and antaraya) and becomes a sayoga-Kevali. Finally, upon expelling four aghatika karmas (i.e. vedaniya, āyus, nāma and gotra), he becomes an ayoga-Kevali and gets liberated.
JAIN JOURNAL
Sukla dhyana which is the immediate cause of liberation consists of four stages, i.e. pṛthaktva, ekatva, sukṣma-kriya and samucchinnakriya. The Tattvarthasutra IX.39 says that the first two stages of sukla dhyāna are performed by Purvavids or 14 Purvadharas. From Umasvati's Bhasya to X.7 above however, it is obvious that the rddhi called 14 pür vadharatva necessarily arises to the performers of the 1st and the 2nd stages of sukla dhyāna. Umasvati must have thus laid down a rule that 14 Purvadharas perform these first two stages of sukla dhyana, which does not mean that the performers of these dhyanas are the knowers of 14 Purvas from the beginning.
Various rddhis as such derived by performing these first two stages of sukla dhyana are obviously used as a touchstone to find out whether the sages are with or without kaşayas by way of testing if they are attached to the worldly useful supernatural powers as such. And he who is trapped by them is destined to fall to the 1st stage of gunasthana in order to make a fresh start therefrom. And only the sage whose spiritual purity is proved in this test is assured to proceed to the direct path for liberation. The then karma specialists stipulated here that mohaniya karma is eradicated without residue upon testifying the non-existence of worldly attachment to rddhis as such.
Among these rddhis mentioned above, mahima comes to be actually employed by a sayoga-Kevali when he performs kevali samudghata by way of expanding his body as large as the universe in order to equalize the length of his vedaniya, nama and gotra karmas with that of his ayus karma. And upon completing this samudghata, the Kevali performs the 3rd stage of sukla dhyāna, and he achieves salvation upon entering the 4th stage of sukla dhyana.
Therefore, the possession of such rddhis is indispensable for a sage who is promised to achieve salvation. All these may demonstrate how
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