Jain Journal 1979 07

Author(s): Jain Bhawan Publication
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication

Page 35

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prāpya etc. Srimad Rajacandra gives expression to the idea several times in his Mokṣamālā.
JAIN JOURNAL
The other bhāvanās are kāruṇya (sympathy) and maitri (brotherhood). The two are conjointly mentioned in verse 13 of the twelfth Discourse which may be quoted in full, as it strikes as eminently Jaina :
adveṣṭā sarvabhūtānām maitrah karuna eva ca nirmamo nirahamkarah samadukṣasukhah kşami
The emphasis is mine. The concepts of maitri and kṣamā (brotherhood and forgiveness) are repeated by Jainas on the last day of the Paryuṣaṇa week. Vinoba Bhave persistently appeals to his readers to cultivate the same bhāvanās—maitri and kāruṇya.
The fourth bhāvanā is that of pramoda-feeling happy over the good fortune of others. I have not found mention of pramoda in the Gită.
The word arambha is peculiar to Jainism. So are raga (attachment), dveşa (spite), etc. which are kaşayas. The phrase sarvārambhaparityagi is read in verse 25 of the fourteenth Discourse of the Gitä. The words mana (honour), apamāna (insult), bhaya (fear), krodha (anger), etc. occur times out of number in the Gita. The opposite of ārambha is anärambha. Sri Krsna says in verse 12 of the fourteenth Discourse that undertaking of karma (action), as also greed, desire, non-tranquillity (aśama), etc. generate from rajas. Sama is jointly used by the Jainas with upasama (tranquillity) and is contrasted with destruction (kṣaya). In verse 12 of the fourteenth Discourse the Gītā describes the samārambha parityāgi person as one who have discarded all undertakings, who is self-composed in the midst of honour and insult, who is equanimous to friend and foe, as if he is beyond all guņas. The description fits in with the condition of a Yati-self-controlled monk, who is defined as one who is devoid of kama (desire), of krodha (anger) and who has control of his cetas (mind), in verse 26 of the fifth Discourse, and in verse 11 of the eighth Discourse. The Yati must be absorbed in svādhyāya-sajhjhaya which is a peculiar Jaina term. He must practise continence (brahmacarya) according to verse 8 of the eleventh Discourse. He is pure on account of knowledge and penance (verse 62 of the tenth Discourse). The Yati is also called Muni because his intellect is selfcomposed (sthitadhi), according to verse 56 of the second Discourse. The same idea is repeated in verse 5 of the eighteenth Discourse where the Muni is required to descard speech, etc. The Gitā uses in this verse the word yukta which identical with Hemachandra's usage is his Yoga-sastra.