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tal. The knowledge obtained through the medium of the sensory and intellectual or mental equipment is sensory', while that obtained directly by the soul, without any assistance of the senses or mind, is 'transcendental'. The first two kinds of knowledge, vig., mati-jnana (Non-verbal sensory comprehension) and sruti-jnana (Verbal sensory comprehension) are, of course, sensory perceptions, while the last three, viz. avadhi-gnana, (clairvoyance), manahparyava jnana, (telepathy) and keval-jnana (Omniscience) are extra-sensory perceptions.
C. Comparision And Critique
1. Essence of Soul:
On the basis of the above succinct outlines of the philosophical views of Eddington and Jainism, we shall try to compare them.
As we had already seen, making the epistemological investigation as the basis of his Philosophy, Eddington has propounded that consciousness, which is the source of all our activities such as experience, thinking, memory and feeling is the objective reality. The Jain Philosophy also accepts the objective existence of soul and believes it to be the source of all the activities of consciousness. Thus both the philosophies hold identical views regarding the essence of spiritual reality.
2. Subjectivity & Objectivity of physical properties :
Though both the philosophies agree with each other regarding the objective existence of the 'external world' or 'physical world', they seem to differ widely in their concepts of its fundamental nature.
Eddington has clearly stated-"I therefore take it as axiomatic that the external world must have objective content. Notwithstanding this statement, he has strongly
"1
1. The Philosophy of Physical Science, P. 257.
