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YAV
Yamuna-The river Yamuna; it is mentioned in the Rig Veda and the Aitareya Brahmana
(VIII, 14, 4; Rig Veda, X, 75). Yamuna-The portion of the Bandara-puchchha mountain where the Yamuna has got its
source (Ramayana, Kish., ch. 40; Mh., Anušas., ch. 68). It is also called Kálinda-giri
on account of which the Yamuna is called Kalindi. Yamunáprabhava-See Yamunotri (Kurma P., II, ch. 37). Yamunotri-A spot in the Bandara-puchchha (monkey's tail) mountain in the
Himalaya where the river Yamun, has its source; it is called Yamuna and also Kalinda-giri in the Ramayana (Kish., 40). It has reference solely to the sacred spot where the worship of the goddess Yamuna is performed. The Yamunå rises from several hotsprings, and the spot for bathing is at the point where the cold and warm waters mingle and form a pool (see Kulinda-desa). The water of the springs is so hot that rice may be boiled in it, Hanumana, after setting fire to Lanka, is said to have extinguished the fire of his tail by plunging it into a lake enclosed by the four highest peaks of this range, which
has since been called Bandara-puchchha mountain (Fraser's Himala Mountains, ch. 26). Yashtivapa Jethian, about two miles north of Tapoban near Supa-tirtha in the district
of Gaya (Grierson, Notes on the District of Gayd, p. 49) and twelve miles from Rajagriha. It is also called Jaktiban (Cunningham, Arch. Rep., III, p. 140) and Latthivana. Buddha is said to have displayed many miracles here and converted Bimbisára, king of Magadha, to Buddhism at this place. Bimbisåra ascended the throne at the age of sixteen; at the age of twenty-nine he became a convert to Buddhism and he died at the age
of sixty-five. Yaudheya Same as Ayudha of the travellers of the sixteenth century and Hud of the Bible
(Book of Esther), between the Hydaspes and the Indus (Garuda Purana, ch.55; Brihatsamhita, ch. 14; and Prinsep's Indian Antiquities, vol. 1, p. 238). According to Cunningham the Yaudhoyas lived on both banks of the Sutloj along the Bhawalpur frontier, which is called Johiyabær (Arch. 8. Rep., vol. XIV). Yaudheya is mentioned
in Samudra Gupta's inscription in the Allahabad Pillar (JASB., 1837, pp. 973-979). Yava-Dvipa-The island of Java (Brahmanda P., Pärva, ch. 51). It is said to have been
colonised by a prince of Guzerat in 603 A.D. The native chronicles attribute the first attempt at colonisation of the island to Aji-saka, a king of Guzerat in 75 A.D.; he was, however, compelled to withdraw owing to pestilence or some other calamity (Havell's Indian Sculpture and Painting). It was also called Suvarna-dvipa of Alberuni's Zabaj be Java (Alberuni's India, Vol. 1, p. 210). According to the Chinese, Java was also called Kalinga (Takakusu's Records of the Buddhist Religion, General Introduction, p. xlvii, note). The shrine of Borobudur (Barz Buddha), the most magnificent monument of Buddhist art in Asia, was constructed between 750 and 800 A.D. (Havell's
Indian Sculpture and Painting, p. 113; JASB., 1862, p. 16). Yavana-Nagara—Junagad, in Guzerat. For a description of the place, see Notes on a Jour
ney to Cirnar in JASB., 1838, p. 871. See Yavanapura. For the origin of the name of
Junagad, see Bomb. Gaz., VIII, pp. 487 f. Yavana-Para-1. Jaunpura, forty miles from Benares, the capital of an independent Muham
madan kingdom (see the Kathoutiya inscription in JASB., 1839, p. 696, v. 7). It contains the celebrated Atalê mosque built by Sultan Ibrahim in 1418 on the site with the materials of an ancient Buddhist monastery; the Lal-darwaza mosque built by Bibi Raji, the queen of Sultan Mahmud in 1480; the Jumma Masjid built by Sultan Hossain about 1480 , the remains of a fort called the fort of Firoz built in 1360; and an old bridge over the Gumti constructed by Monahur Khan, the governor of Jaunpur, during the reign of Akbar. Jaunpur is said to have been founded in the fourteenth century by Sultan
