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Jainism in Mathura
with slight variation in name, existed at Mathura in the first and second century AD.312
The seven kulas of the Carana gana mentioned in the Kalpasūtra are - (1) the Ajjaveḍaya kula, (2) the Hallija kula, (3) the Kanhasaha kula, (4) the Mallijja kula, (5) the Pudhammiya kula, (6) the Püsamittijja kula and (7) the Vathalijja kula.313 The kulas of the Varaṇa gana which existed in Mathura during the Kuṣāṇa period were (1) the Arya Häṭṭikīya kula314 (2) the Praitivarmika kula,315 (3) the Pusyamitrīya kula, 316 (4) The Arya Cetika kula,317 (5) the Arya Bhista kula318 (6) The Arya Kaniyasika kula319 and (7) the Nadika or Nãḍika kula.320 One sambhoga of the Varana gana also existed in Mathura during the Kuṣaṇa period. It was the Arya Śrīkiya sambhoga.32
321
The Kalpasūtra informs that the Kodiya gana was founded by Susthita and Supratibuddha.322 The four sakhas of this gana are — (1) the Majjhimillā śakhā, (2) the Vairī śākhā, (3) the Vajjāharī śākhā, and (4) the Uccānāgarī śākhā.323 The Koṭṭiya gana is mentioned in a large number of Jaina inscriptions of Mathura.324 It was one of the oldest and most respected ganas.325 Buhler opined that this gana originated in 250 BC326 and was the only gana which
312. EI, X, Appendix, pp. 2ff; HJM, p. 515.
313. HJM, p. 515; OISJ, p. 59.
314. EI, X, Appendix, no. 16.
315. Ibid., no. 31.
316. Ibid., no. 34.
317. Ibid., no. 16.
318. Ibid., no. 50.
319. EI, X, Appendix, no. 113. 320. Ibid., no. 117.
321. Ibid., no. 50.
322. OISJ, pp. 58-9.
323. HJM, p. 516.
324. EI, X, Appendix, pp. 2ff.
325. HJM, p. 518.
326.
EI, I, p. 379-80.
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