Dravya Sangraha

Author(s): Nemichandramuni
Publisher: Chandraprabha Digambar Jain Mandir Trust

Page 72

The Sacred Book of the Jains,
65
Now, there is another kind of Moksha, called Dravya-moksha, which consists of the separation of the soul from the Aghatiya Karmas viz. Ayu, Nama, Gotra and Vedaniya Karmas which disappear last of all. This happens when a being is in the last stage of development which is known as Ayogi.' (See Commentary on Verse 13). In Vardhamana Purana we have :
"कृत्स्नेभ्यः कर्मजातेभ्यो विश्लेषो यश्चिदात्मनः । परमसद्ध्यानयोगेन द्रव्यमोक्षः स कथ्यते ॥"
(Canto XVI. 73] i.e. "The separation of the conscious soul from all kinds of Karmas by excellent meditation is known as Dravya-moksha."
By Bhava-moksha, therefore, one is freed from the first four, and by Dravya-moksha from the last four kinds of Karmas. Both these kinds of Moksa together lead to perfect liberation.
Umasvami has written in his Tatvartha Sutra X. 1. 2 that a person attains Kevala Jnana (Omniscience) when first his Mohani ya Karmas and then his Jnanavaraniya, Darshanavaraniya and Antaraya Karmas are destroyed. After attaining Kevala Jnana, the cause producing bondage being absent and Nirjara being present, a person becomes free from the remaining Karmas viz. Vedaniya, Ayu, Nama and Gotra Karmas, and thus being void of all kinds of Karma attains liberation.
We have seen that Karmas take possession of a soul through Asravas. This influx of Karmas can be stopped by Samvaras. By this stoppage, fresh Karmas cannot enter the soul. But even after stopping the entrance of fresh Karmas, it is necessary to purge the soul from Karmas which have already taken possession of the former. This can be done by Nirjara. Then only the Karmas, Vedaniya, Nama, Gotra and Ayu which cause worldly existence disappear and a being attains liberation. In Panchastikaya-samayasasa we have :
"जो संवरेण जुत्तो रिणज्जरमाणोध सव्वकम्माणि । बवगदवेदाउस्सो मुयदि भवं तेण सो मोक्खो ।"
[Verse 153] i.e. "He who having Samvara and destroying all Karmas through Nir jara becomes free from Vedaniya, Nana, Gotra and Ayu Karmas leaves the world. Therefore this is called Moksha (liberation)".