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Bu-ston on the Schism of the Buddhist Church and on the Doctrinal Tendencies of Buddhist Scriptures
Translated from Tibetan by Claus VOGEL
1. From his History of the Doctrine (Cho's-'byun)
Collected Works (g Sun-'bum), vol. 24 (ya), pt. 4, fol. 88 b 3–90 b 3.
Preliminary Remark: The chapter presented here in a new English rendering was translated into Japanese by E. Teramoto as early as 1928 ) and into English by E. Obermiller only four years later); it was examined at full length by D. Seyfort Ruegg in the course of this Symposium"). The passages concerning the languages used by Indian Buddhists were discussed in great detail by Lin Li-kouang) and A. Yuyama'); they were referred to by G. Roth during this Symposium) and will be dealt with by J. W. de Jong in a forthcoming article). The ensuing translation, in which literalness prevails over literariness, will be found as a rule to incorporate the results of these scholars but in places to attempt a different approach from theirs.
As regards the third recapitulation (of the doctrine), since it is not (described in the Agama, discord becomes apparent in every possible manner. Some say as follows ®): “At the time when - 137 years after the teacher's passing - the kings named Nanda and Mahāpadma had risen and the elders Mahākāsyapa, Uttara, and others were staying in the city (of) Pāndaraputrao), Māra the Wicked One, having taken on the form of the monk named Bhadraka 10), showed all kind of magic power and, having separated the clergy, disarrayed the teaching. At that time"), in the days of the elders Nāgasena and Valguka 12), 63 years after (the clergy) had been split into sects, the elder Vātsīputra recapitulated the teaching.”
1) Täranātha Indo Bukkyōshi, Tokyo, 1928, pp. 395-404. 2) History of Buddhism (Chos-hbyung) by Bu-ston, II, Heidelberg, 1932, pp. 96-101. » Inf., pp. 114-119. 4) L'Aide-mémoire de la Vraie Loi, Paris, 1949, pp. 180-187.
') In H. Bechert [ed.), Die Sprache der ältesten buddhistischen Überlieferung, Göttingen, 1980, pp. 175-181.
6) Inf., pp. 127-137. ) Inf., pp. 138-143.
5) A similar résumé is found in Bhavya's Tarkajvālā; see Peking Tanjur, mDo section, vol. 19 (dza), fol. 162 b 6-163 a 3 [~ Otani reprint, vol. 96, p. 67).
°) Tib. sKya-bo'i-bu for the commoner sKya-nar-gyi-bu [ Pataliputra). 10) Tib. bZan-po for the commoner bZan-ldan [~ Bhadrika). 11) Tib. de'i tshe; one would rather expect something like de'i phyi tshe "at a later time".
12) Tib. Yid-'on; for the equation see GBM VI, No.685, 11. 8-9 - Peking Kanjur, 'Dul-ba section, vol. 92 (khe), fol. 19 a 3-5 [~ Otani reprint, vol. 41, p. 9).