Rules Concerning Speech In Ayaranga And Dasaveyaliya Suttas

SR No.: 269485
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Collette Caillat
Publisher: Collette Caillat
Total Pages: 15
Language: English
Classification: Article
File Size: 2 MB

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The Rules Concerning Speech (Bhasa) in the Ayāranga
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binding into an organic unity prescriptions which are also found, but more or less scattered, in different sections of the Dhs, and which have been somewhat differently elaborated in the Pali scriptures. In fact, as is natural, the Jainas' ethical teachings in this field are linked with their metaphysical tenets.
Let me first sketch how the Dhs approach the subject.
Sometimes-exceptionally-the approach is a general one; e. g., when ApDhS introduces the chapters on penance, it explains that "A wise man who has eradicated the (faults) which destroy creatures, obtains salvation". "(These are) anger exultation, grumbling, covetousness, perplexity, doing injury, hypocrisy, lying, gluttony, calumny, envy, lust, secret hatred, neglect to keep the senses in subjection, neglect to concentrate the mind...", krodho harso roso lobho moho dambho droho mssodyainālyaşa-parivādīvasāyā kāma-manyu anatmyam ayogas, teşam yoga-mālo nirghātah (ApDhS 1.8.23.5) On the contrary, "freedom from anger (akrodha-)...., truthfulness (satyavacana-)..., silencing slander (a.paifuna-) uprightness, affability (arjava-mirdava-)...., peace with all created beings, concentration (of the mind on the contemplation of the Atman), regulation of one's conduct according to that of the Aryas (aryava-) - these (good qualities) have been settled by the agreement (of the wise) for all (the four) orders...."? Similar precepts are also ordained by Manu, who applies them to the snătaka : satyadharmāryavratteșu sauce caivāramel sada
väg-bāhūdara-sainyatah, "Let him always delight in truthfulness,...; let him keep his speech, his arms and his belly under control" (Mn 4.175)". As a matter of fact, Manu is in accordance with Gautama who, among the duties of the Snätaka (ch. 9). prescribes :
“He shall keep his organ, his stomach, his hands, his feet, his tongue, and his eyes under due restraint", further :
satya-dharma (68), ārya-vítlah (69)... syät (72), “He shall always speak the truth." “He shall conduct himself (as becomes) an Aryan."
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nirhriya bhūta dahiyan kşemam gacchati panditah, (trsl. Bühler). Ib 6. Cf. also 1.11.31.25 (trsl., SBE 1.11.31.23): krodhadiinica bhita-dahiyan doşan varjayet, "and let him (the snätaka) avoid the faults that destroy the creatures, such as anger and the like.” Bühler translates : "in truthfulness, (obedience to the sacred law ---"; but cf. Gaut Dhs, 9.68, infra. na fitnodara-pani-pada-vāk-caksus cäpaläni kuryat.