Disclaimer: This translation does not guarantee complete accuracy, please confirm with the original page text.
(52) There are two types of karma - **bhavan karma** and **dravya karma**. **Bhavan karma** refers to the emotions of attachment and aversion in the soul, which attract the unconscious karmic matter towards the soul. **Dravya karma** refers to the unconscious karmic matter that binds to the soul.
The detailed explanation of **bhavan karma** and **dravya karma** is found in the Jain scriptures. The five causes of karmic bondage are: **mithyatva** (false belief), **avirati** (non-renunciation), **pramada** (carelessness), **kṣaya** (passions), and **yoga** (attachment). These five causes can be summarized into two: **kṣaya** and **yoga**. Further, **kṣaya** is the ultimate cause of karmic bondage.
While there are many other causes of karmic bondage, the Jain scriptures categorize them into two: **raga** (attachment) and **dvesha** (aversion). Every mental thought is either rooted in attachment or aversion. Experience shows that even if the outward behavior of ordinary beings appears different, their actions are either driven by attachment or aversion. These tendencies lead to various desires. Whether a being is aware of it or not, their subtle desires are fueled by attachment and aversion.
Just as a spider gets trapped in its own web, a soul, due to ignorance and delusion, creates a web of karma and gets entangled in it. Ignorance, false knowledge, and other factors considered causes of karma are also connected to attachment and aversion. When attachment or aversion increases, knowledge gets distorted.
Despite the difference in terminology, the Jain view on the cause of karmic bondage does not contradict other orthodox philosophies. The Nyaya and Vaisheshika schools consider **mithyatva** (false knowledge) as the cause of karma. Yoga philosophy considers the non-differentiation of **prakriti** (nature) and **purusha** (soul) as the cause. Vedanta and other philosophies consider **avidya** (ignorance) as the cause. Jain philosophy considers **mithyatva** (false belief) as the cause of karmic bondage. However, it is important to remember that regardless of the terminology used, if the cause does not lead to karmic bondage, it cannot be considered the true cause of karma.