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## First Karma Granth, Chapter 23
**The four senses of touch, taste, smell, and hearing are called "praapyakaari" because they acquire knowledge through contact with objects.**
**"Apraapyakaari" means to know objects without contact with them, while "praapyakaari" means to know objects through contact, connection, and touch.**
**This means that only the "praapyakaari" senses can perceive objects, not the "apraapyakaari" senses.**
**For example, the collyrium applied to the eye is not visible by the eye itself, and the mind perceives external objects while residing within the body.**
**Therefore, the mind and the sense of sight are not "praapyakaari".**
**For this reason, there are four types of "vyanjnavagraha":**
**(1) Sparshanendriya-vyanjnavagraha (perception through the sense of touch)**
**(2) Rasnendriya-vyanjnavagraha (perception through the sense of taste)**
**(3) Ghranendriya-vyanjnavagraha (perception through the sense of smell)**
**(4) Shrotrendriya-vyanjnavagraha (perception through the sense of hearing)**
**The very subtle knowledge acquired through the sense of touch is called "sparshateendriya-vyanjnavagraha".**
**Similarly, one should understand the "vyanjnavagraha" that occurs through the senses of taste, smell, and hearing.**
**The shortest duration of "vyanjnavagraha" is equal to an immeasurable fraction of the "avaliika" (a unit of time), and the longest duration is from two to nine breaths.**
**Footnotes:**
*1. This is a reference to the "Nanvisutra" (a Jain text), chapter 28.
*2. This is a reference to the "Nanvisutra" (a Jain text), concluding verse.