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## 236 / Go. Sa. Jivakanda
**Verse 166-167**
It is like, that which is tasted, is rasa. And when the paryaya is primarily intended, then the difference between dravya and paryaya becomes apparent. Therefore, the state of being indifferent is stated. In this way, the rasa also becomes a means of feeling. For example, in tasting, the action of the ear is called rasa.
**Doubt:** From what cause do the two senses of touch and taste arise?
**Solution:** When the karma of viriyantaraya and the karma of touch and taste sense-covering (matijnana-avaran) are destroyed or subdued, then the remaining sense-covering karma, due to the arising of the all-destroying competition, arises in dependence on the arising of the angopaang-namakarma. And when the karma of the two-sense-type arises, then the two senses of touch and taste are produced.
Those who have three senses are tri-indriya jivas.
**Doubt:** Which are those tri-indriya jivas?
**Solution:** Kuniyu, Khatmal, etc. are tri-indriya jivas. It is also said:
**Verse 137:**
"Kuthu, pipilika, khatmal, bichchu, ju, indragop, kanakhjura, uttirang, nattiya, etc. are all tri-indriya jivas."
**Doubt:** Which are those three senses?
**Solution:** Touch, taste, and smell are the three senses. The nature of touch and taste has already been explained.
**Doubt:** What is meant by the pranendriya?
**Solution:** The word "ghrana" is a means of action, because in the intention of dependence, the senses are means of action. Therefore, when the karma of viriyantaraya and the karma of smell sense-covering (matijnana-avaran) are destroyed or subdued, and the angopaang-namakarma arises, then that by which one smells is the pranendriya. Or, in the intention of the independence of the senses, the word "dharan" is also a means of action, because in the world, the independence of the senses is also seen. For example, "My eye sees well, my ear hears." Therefore, when the previously mentioned causes of viriyantaraya, etc., are destroyed or subdued, then that which smells is the ghrana indriya.
The object of the ghrana indriya is smell. That which is smelled is smell, or the action of smelling is smell. When the karma of viriyantaraya and the karma of touch, taste, and smell sense-covering are destroyed or subdued, and the angopaang-namakarma arises...
**Footnotes:**
1. Gh. Pu. 1, p. 242
2. Gh. Pu. 1, p. 245
3. Dh. Pu. 1, p. 245