Chandonushasan

SR No.: 090113
Original Sutra Author: Hemchandracharya
Author: H D Velankar
Publisher: Singhi Jain Shastra Shiksha Pith Mumbai
Publication Year: 1961
Total Pages: 444
Language: Sanskrit, Hindi
Classification: Book_Devnagari & Literature
File Size: 9 MB

Page 57

41
छन्दोऽनुशासनम् । defines among his miscellaneous metres in Ch. VIII, finds a place here as a Sarvasamā with 16 Mātrās in each Pāda. The longer and shorter Dvipadis are defined in the next i. e., the VIIth Adhyāya and here Hemacandra closely follows Svayambhū; but he makes a special mention of two Dvipadis, one having 28 and the other 27 Mātrās in each of their two equal and similar Pādas. These are the Karpūra and the Kunkuma, both known as the Ullālas among the bards of Magadha. Svayambhū is silent about these; but the Kavidarpaņa defines them prominently, while the Chandabkośa and the Prākrta Paingala mention them only as the constituents of some strophic couplets. The Apabhraṁsa Dvibhangis illustrated by Hemacandra at Chandonusāsana IV. 87.2–11 have one of the two as their second constituent metre.
34. The position of the Kavidarpana in the history of the growth of the Prākrit and Apabhraṁsa metres is peculiar; its method of treating the subject too is novel. Though it belongs to the Classical school of prosodists, it professes to have been composed as a manual for rising poets, as the name suggests. It quotes Hemacandra and is quoted by Jinaprabha in San. 1365 and by Somacandra even earlier in Saṁ..1329 in his commentary on the Vrttaratnākara. The commentary on the work was composed not long after the text itself and probably by some pupil of its author whom he calls Pūjya on Kavidarpana II.4. Out of the six chapters of which it consists, only the second is important for our purpose. Here Prākrit and Apabhramśa metres are promiscuously defined and illustrated, being classified on the basis of the number of the Pādas which the single or strophic metre contained, thus as Dvipadis, Catuşpadis, etc., upto Sodaśapadīs. Among the Dvipadis only three are mentioned, two of them being the Ullālas, namely, the Karpūra and the Kunkuma. Gāthā is next considered as the first among the Catuspadis and is followed by 10 Ardhasama Catuşpadīs and 21 Sarvasama Catuşpadis. Among the former Dohā plays an important part and five metres derived from it are included among the 10 Ardhasamās, the other four being Pancānanalalitā, Malayamāruta, Rāsa and Māgadhikā. All the Ardhasamās except the last are illustrated as metres of the Apabhramśa language. Among the 21 Sarvasamās Vadana (with its alternative names Adilā and Madilā in view of its rhyme), Galitaka, Vastuvadana, Rāsāvalaya and Utsāha are all treated and illustrated as Apabhraíba metres; all the rest including Dvipadī, Madanāvatāra, Khañjaka and Rāsaka are treated as Prākrit
6