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The fifth chapter states, "Where the soul is associated with its previous and future bodies, that is called the afterlife, and the soul residing in those bodies is called the afterlife soul. This afterlife soul experiences the fruits of its karmic actions in the afterlife." (19)
Furthermore, the soul's distinct existence is established through the remembrance of past lives, the cycle of birth and death, and the teachings of the enlightened ones. (7)
Just as the movement of a machine is caused by an external force, so too is the movement of this body caused by an external force, which is the soul. Additionally, the actions of the body are performed with consideration for what is beneficial and harmful, further indicating the existence of the soul. (71)
If, as you claim, the soul is born from the combination of the four elements (earth, water, fire, and air), then a soul should also be born in a pot placed on fire for cooking, as it too involves the combination of all four elements. (72)
Thus, it is evident that the theory of materialism is riddled with flaws. Therefore, it should be understood that the theory of materialism is nothing but the ramblings of fools, devoid of any substance. (73)
"You claim that the world is merely consciousness, and there is no reality beyond it. But how can consciousness be established through consciousness itself? According to your view, both the object and the means of knowing become one - consciousness itself. In such a scenario, how can the truth be ascertained?" (74)
Another point to consider is that the existence of external objects is established through the use of language. Without language, no object can be established, and the world's functioning would cease. If language is distinct from consciousness, then the non-duality of consciousness cannot be established while language is in use. If you claim that language is also consciousness, then, oh fool, tell me, by what means have you established the non-duality of consciousness, which states that the world is merely consciousness? Furthermore, how can the distinction between the perceiver and the perceived be established when you believe in a single, indivisible consciousness? (75-76)