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## Āgama Sūtra 39, Cheda Sūtra-5, 'Mahānishītha'
**Study/Purpose/Sūtra Number** Even on the day of their death, they depart in sorrow without experiencing happiness, because humans have abandoned the practice of virtuous deeds. Sūtra - 242
This is a brief description of the sorrow of all beings in the world. O Gautama! The sorrow that exists in the human race, listen to it briefly. Sūtra - 243
Hundreds of kinds of sorrow that are constantly felt, causing distress and boredom, some humans do not attain detachment. Sūtra - 244-245
**Briefly, humans experience two types of sorrow, one physical and the other mental. And then there are three types of each, intense, fierce, and extremely fierce. Sorrow that ends in a single moment is called intense sorrow. Sorrow that has some respite in between is called fierce sorrow. Sorrow that is endured equally at all times without respite is called extremely fierce sorrow. Sūtra - 246**
Humans experience intense sorrow. In the animal realm, there is fierce sorrow, and O Gautama! The sorrow of beings in hell is extremely fierce. Sūtra - 247
Humans experience three types of sorrow: minor, moderate, and superior. Animals do not experience minor sorrow, and beings in hell experience superior sorrow. Sūtra - 248-250
The minor sorrow experienced by humans is of two types: subtle and gross. The other, greater sorrow, is devoid of divisions. Subtle sorrow is experienced by unconscious humans, and gross sorrow by gods. Gods who are in the state of decline experience gross mental sorrow from the time of their decline. Gods who are servants and subject to orders experience gross mental sorrow from birth until the end of their life. Gods do not experience physical sorrow. Gods have a heart that is as strong as a thunderbolt, extremely powerful. Otherwise, their heart would break into a hundred pieces due to mental sorrow. Sūtra - 251-252
The remaining two types of sorrow, devoid of divisions, are moderate and superior. These types of sorrow are experienced by humans born in the womb. Those who live for countless years experience moderate sorrow, and those who live for a countable number of years experience superior sorrow. Sūtra - 253
Now, the synonyms for the word sorrow are mentioned. Unsuccessful, pain, disease, ache, sorrow, non-cessation, restlessness, aversion, distress, etc., are many synonymous words used for sorrow.
**Study-2, Purpose-2, Sūtra-254**
The two types of sorrow, physical and mental, have been described. Now, O Gautama! I will describe physical sorrow very clearly. Listen to it with concentration. Sūtra - 255-262
Even if a mere fraction of the tip of a hair touches a virtuous, pure-minded, motionless being, it causes them so much pain that if we were to be cut with a knife or pierced in the heart or head with a weapon, we would tremble.