________________
3.4 3.4.1
3.5 3.6
3.7
3.8
3.8.1 3.8.2
3.9
3.9.1 3.10 3.11 3.11.1 3.12 3.12.1 3.13 3.13.1 3.13.2 3.13.3 3.13.4 3.14 3.14.1 3.14.2 3.15 3.15.1 3.16 3.17 3.18 Chapter 4
Elements of Hindu Architecture Structural Components of Hindu Architecture Islamic Architecture Timeline of Islamic Architecture Relevance of Islamic Architecture Architectural elements of Islamic Architecture Architectural ornamentation Spiritual Foundations Buddhist Architecture The main branches of Buddhism Enlightenment of Buddha Buddhist Monasteries The four noble truths of Dharmas Elements of Buddhist Architecture Temple elements of the Buddhist Architecture Timeline of Buddhist Architecture Buddhist Monasteries in India The Historical Buddha The Buddha Shakyamuni Development of the Buddha image Sikh Architecture Timeline of Sikh Architecture Relevance of Sikh Architecture Jain Architecture Relevance of Jain Architecture Timeline of Jain Architecture Elements of Jain Religion Summary
102
102
4.1
104
4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.3 4.4 4.4.1 4.4.1.1 4.4.1.2 4.5 4.5.1
The Jain Temple The Origin of Jain Temples Evolution of Architectural Style Jain Philosophy Tirthankars Jain Temples in India Jainism in Odisha Udaygiri and Khandgiri caves Caves of Udaygiri Caves of Khandgiri Jainism In Bihar Historical Background Jain Temples of Bihar Patna Sri Sudarshan Kamaldah Ji Temple, Gulzarbagh Sri Sthulbhadra Sadhana Sthal, Gulzarbagh Sri Kamaldah Sidhakshetra, Gulzarbagh
104 104 106 106 107 108 109
115
118 118
4.6
118 118
4.6.1 4.6.1.1 4.6.1.2 4.6.1.3
120 121
121
vii
