Kalplata Vivek

SR No.: 032756
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Murari Lal Nagar, Harishankar Shastry
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad
Publication Year: 1968
Total Pages: 550
Language: Hindi, Sanskrit
Classification: Book_Devnagari
File Size: 15 MB

Page 78

the antagonist to so refute it (p. 57, 1. 10). Thus as the stand-poir ts are different (phala-bhedad) the Reason is spoken of as existing in two (san dvajoh) and not merely existing in one (i. e. paksa), otherwise it would not be possible to account for the fallacious Reason (hetvabhasa) called anyatarasaddha (which arises when the helu is not accepted either by the protagonist or by the antagonist or by both.) It is pointed out earlier (p, 56, 1. 11) that Reason (hetu) must exist in a Similar case (sapaksa). Now sa paksa is defined thus (p. 57, 1. 21): A similar case is an object which is similar in possessing (anugamatah) the inferred property (sadhya dharma). It is metaphorically called sa-paksa (similar case) as it possesses properties analogous to those of the paksa (object of Inference). A dis-similar case (vi-paksa) is that which is not similar (visadTsa) to the paksa. A hetu which is not found in a dis-similar case is said to be excluded (vyavitta) from that.* (p 58, 1. 22) Reason (hetu) is already defined, now is given the supplementary portion which strengthens this definition. "When it is shown that the thing to be proved (sadhya) is invariably present when the Reason (hetu) is present and that the Reason (hetu) is absent whenever the thing to be proved (sadhya) is absent; in short, when there is a relation of positive concomitance (anraya) and negative concomitance [contra-position i. e. vyatireka ] between the sadhya and the hetu, the definition of Reason (hetu) is strengthened in its correctness." 5 (p. 60, 1. 2) Bhamaha does not give the illustrations of defective Reasons, but Viveka does. A hetu must have three aspects but if it is deficient in any one or more or all of them, it becomes defective (abhasa). When a hetu is deficient in one of the aspects (laksana) three hetvabhasas arise, when it is deficient in two aspects three other helvabhasas arise, 1. सन् द्वयोरिति यः सिद्धः स्वपक्षपरपक्षयोः। अभिन्नलक्षण: पक्षः फलमेदादयं द्विधा // B. K. L. V. 22. 2. Tegurar qoca argerea I 2 4aTifaTaTaTazafeafa: 11 (ibid) V. 23. 3. साध्यधर्मानुगमतः सदृशस्तत्र यश्च सन् / अन्योऽप्यसावेक इव सामान्यादुपचर्यते / (ibid) V. 24 4. faqetalhes dipataz gai (ibid) V. 25 ab. 5. gfa acara facilit e get (ibid) V. 25.cd, cf 3917TIA (p. 113) for a different interpretation. Prof. Tatacharya rightly suggests that there should be a better reading here. He is not satisfied with the reading " Tanzt a gar" which according to him means " Presence in two (paksa and sa-paksa) and absence from one (vipaksa) contributes to the correctness of the definition." 6. They are : (1) Tattolaarfa (2) Baracuta #fad and (3) afhE. 7. They are: (1) fake (2) STRETTAITOTAAfra and (3) BUGTATATTUT.