Indian Antiquary Vol 60

SR No.: 032552
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Richard Carnac Temple, Charles E A W Oldham, S Krishnaswami Aiyangar, Devadatta Ramkrishna Bhandarka
Publisher: Swati Publications
Publication Year: 1986
Total Pages: 394
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 19 MB

Page 364

ON THE MODERN INDO-ARYAN VERNACULARS
$$ 80-82]
[ Остовин, 1931
Eranian peculiarities have been pointed out in § 36, ante. Again we see points of agreement with the so-called Tukhari, one of the newly discovered Central Asian languages, and J. Bloch has traced points of phonetic connexion between them and the dialect of the Dutreuil de Rhins fragments. All indications, therefore, point to a relationship with the Aryan languages spoken beyond the Hindūkuš,-Eranian or semi-Eranian, or possibly even with the North Aryan' language of Professor Leumann. Reference has already been made to the possibility that Magadhi Prakrit had a common origin, not only with the ancestor of NWIAV., but also with the ancestor of Dardic (ante, §§ 50, 51), and I do not allude to the subject again.
1 See Grierson, Linguistic Relationship of the Shahbazgarhi Inscriptions, JRAS., 1904, 726.
2 The Pé. Pr. of the Eastern Grammarians differs from He's Standard Pé. Pr. in important particulars, and has, like He's Cülikäpaisacika, a closer relationship with the North-West. Cf. Ps. L. 6; and Grierson, The Eastern School of Prakrit Grammarians and Paisac! Prakrit,' in the Sir Ashutosh Mookerjee Silver Jubilee Commemoration Volumes, vol. III, Part ii, pp. 119 f.
3 E.g., Kh. ispa, Waxi spa, our.
4 Grierson, Étymologies Tokhariennes, JA, 1912, 339.
6 Le Dialecte des Fragments Dutreuil de Rhine, JA, 1912, 331.
80. In dealing with the IAVs. we shall naturally compare them in the following pages with the Secondary Prakrits from which they are derived, and not directly with Sanskrit. The relationship between Sanskrit and Prakrit will nowhere immediately concern us. That has been completely discussed in Pr. Gr., a work with which the reader will throughout be assumed to be familiar. But in regard to Dardic we have no Prakrit to which we can immediately refer it, or, at least, the materials available from Paiśāci Prakrit are too scanty to do more than to suggest lines of inquiry, instead of giving certain proof. We shall there. fore, as a rule, be compelled to compare Dardic directly with the Primary Prakrit, of which Sanskrit is the only literary form that we possess, or with the language of the Avesta in regard to points of contact with Eranian.
APPENDIX TO CHAPTER II.
Connexion between NWIAV. and EIAV. See § 52, Note 1.
81. As Hoernle has already shown the close connexion between Marathi and EIAV. and the point requires no proof, I do not refer to it here, and shall as a rule confine myself to NWIAV. and EIAV., only citing M. and Intermediate IAV. when necessary for illustration. As Kš., although a Dardic language, often shows clear relationship to NWIAV., I shall also Dccasionally quote it.
Before entering into details, attention must be drawn to the remarks made in § 60. Just as in the case of the Prakrits, so it will often be found that every IAV. is to a certain extent mixed in character, and has been contaminated, during its growth of something like three thousand years, with peculiarities borrowed from other languages, and sometimes from very distant languages. Hence, no doubt, exceptions can easily be found that affect the following statements, and these should therefore be taken as descriptions of general character, and not as universal rules.
82. Phonetics. In Kašmiri and Sindhi a final short i, e or u, are very slightly pronounced, so as to be hardly audible. The same is the case in Bihari. Thus, K. achi, 8. akh, an eye; S. anar, charcoal; B. akh, an eye; angor (for angār, with epenthesis), charcoal; dekhath", let him see. In other languages the final short vowel has usually altogether disappeared; but occasionally it is retained in full. The conclusion to be observed is that in the North-West and in Bihari the disappearance of the final vowel is progressing at a rate of development slower than that which has occurred elsewhere.
1 So also in Dravidian languages.
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