Indian Antiquary Vol 56

SR No.: 032548
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Richard Carnac Temple, Charles E A W Oldham, Krishnaswami Aiyangar
Publisher: Swati Publications
Publication Year: 1986
Total Pages: 286
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 13 MB

Page 208

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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY
[OCTOBER, 1927
Cf. Mingana, op. cit., reprint, p. 69. Mar Jacob, Metropolitan of India, wrote unothor Nyriac MS. in the Church of St. Thomas of Shingonia, in A.D. 1510. Cf. ibid., p. 70. Do Couto states that, after building 8 church at Cranganore, that of St. Thomas, still existing in do Couto's time on the same site, but renewed, Thomas Cananeo built two othors, those of Our Lady and of the martyr St. Cyriacus. Thu Church of St. Thomas at Cranganore existed probably in A.D. 988, when we hear of one Mar Johannes, Metropolitan in Malabar. The name and the date are found in a relation dated Trichur, Cochin, 1820, and were taken from a Syriae MS. of the Cana ncode Church, near Quilon. Cf. The South India Christian Repository, Maciras, 11 (1838), p. 195. This Mar Johannes of A.D. 988 may be the Mar Johanan of Ceanganore mentioned by Bishop Roz of Cranganore (p. 147 supra).
[Probably the Christians of Cranganore suffered whenever the Jows of Cratganore were the object of attack. Zeireddien Mukhdom, an Arab, Egyptian, or Turk, who was sent to help Calicut and the Muham. madan princes against the Portuguese, and whose account ends in A.D. 1580 (cf. Asiatick: Researchins, vol. V: "Historical Remarks on the coast of Malabar" by Duncan, r. 22) says that in A.H. 991 (A.D. 1524-25) there was a Jewish settlement at Cranganore, which the Muhammadans attacked fiercely, killing the Jews and destroying their houses and synagogues. Many thon fled to Chenotto or Chennamangalam. Alter that, Cranganore was to them distasteful. In 1565, on the occasion of another war between the Samorin and Cochin, they fled to Cochin, where their first leaders were David Baleha, Samuel Castil, Ephraim Salan, and Joseph Levi. In 1567 thoy had completed their synagogues and some other buildings. S. Germann, Die Kirche der Thomasrhristen, Götersloh, 1877, pp. 255-956.-H.H.]
Page 128, note 39.These names mom to be Köttur, Katanate, Opamturutte, and Narimastat; but I am not sure at all. I must enquire. These are all names of places now existing : but there is a rich family by name Köttür, which is now in possession of the lands of the old Villyårvarttain king or the king of Malabar Christians.-T.K.J.
[I understand that these are names of families which came from the Mylapore side, perhaps on the occasion of the persecution launched by Manikka Vabakar. A Malabar Christian MS. of c. A.D. 1870, which Mr. T. K. Joseph wrote to me about, places in 293 the flight of Christians from Kåvēripattanain to their brethren in Malabar, and in 315 the arrival of Manikka Vasakar at Quilon. These dates are remarkably close to Geiger's date 315 for Manikka's supposed visit to Ceylon, and to the date 270 in V. A. Smith. litup's History refers to the arrival of & Manichean of Persia before this persecution of Manikka Vadakar. The Malabar accounts also state that the Christians of Mylapore were persecuted by Manikka Though he is now held to have been a Saivite, he may have been himself a Manichean. The people of Vaper or separ, on the Fishery Coast, who, according to Mgr. Roz and do Couto, recollected still that they were of the caste of the Christinns, may have been apostaten. It was the opinion in Malabar in 1699 that some of the Mylapore Christians had fled to the Todamals or Mountains of the Todas, in the Nilgiris. Two expeditions were sent soon after to reconnoitre. The first brought back favourable news; the second, returning from the buffalo.worshipping Todas, spoke adversely. We now discover on the eastern slopes of the Nilgiris scores of stones with a crose, which in my opinion can be nothing else than Christian.
[Do Couto speaks of the Cortali Christians of Paru (Parur), who said that the first Indian city wisere St. Thomas landed was Mahadevarpattanam. Compare the name Cortali with the name Köttur.-H.H.
Page 728, note 35. The proper Malayalam pronunciation is Katutturutti.-T.KJ. Page 128, note 36.-Cotete is Kottayatte (e as in her,'father), the locutive of Kottayam. T.K.J.
Page 128, note 36.There is a place Kotamâlûr, north of Kottayam. But did Menezes, coming from Diamper, even north of Kotamalar, retrace his steps to Kotam âlor from Kottayam ? Gouvou must be consulted.-T.KJ.
(The itinerary in Gouvea's Jornada is : Diamper, Cottete, and Coramallu, in the country of the king of Porca. On the way from Cottete to Coramallú, de Menezes was met by the Queen of the Tecu neutes. From Coramalur (a new spelling), de Menezos organised a mission to the Mallons, who were supposed to bo apostato Christians. Two Cassanars of Doramallur (read: Coramallur) went, and met the Archbishop later at Angamale. While de Menezes was at Coramallur (new spelling), the king of Poreà came up the river with about 100 boats to celebrato at Coramallur, as he did every year, his birthday. From Coromallur de Menezes went to Diamper. cf. fols. 79-85r.-H.H.)
My identification of Coramallu seems to be correct.-T.K.J. Page 128, note 37.-It seems to be Tura vůr (r as in rat), north of Kottayam.-T.K.J.
Page 117, note 38.-The earliest mention of the vision and the body of emigrants, that I have buil occurs in Bishop Thomas' Syriac letter of A.D. 1721 to Carolus Schaaf of Leiden. The Syrian priest Mathew's Syriac account of about the same time (cf. Ind. Ant., March, 1997-Land's Anecdota Syriaca ') refers to the vision and the body of emigrants. The song for the dance referred to by Fr. Hosten is the Mdrgam Kali Song of A.D. 1732, of which he now has a translation of mine. Other short songs about Thomas Cana, sung along with this song of 1732, are of about the same time,