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Rivers.
Kumari ..
..
Sita .. .. .. .. .. The Syr-daria or the Jaxartos (daria means
river). Chakshuvarddhana
The Oxos or the Oxus. The Rha or the Volga.
Mountains. Meru ..
Mt. Imaus. Malaya ..
Alana mountain. Sy&ma-giri
Kaukasos Mount (including the Beloortag and
the Mustag mountain which means the Black mountain. It is identical with Mount Syâmaka of the Avesta (Yast. XIX, 5; SBE,
Vol. XXIII, p. 288). Vishnu Pundna, pt. II, ch. 4 ;-Ptolemy (McCrindle's translation, pp. 283-297).
Countries. Kusumoda. ..
.. .. Inhabited by the Khorasmai (p. 282). Maudádi .. .. .. .. Inhabited by the Mardyenoi (p. 281).
River.
Ikshu .. .. .. .. .. The Oxos.
Mountain. Asta-giri
Aska-tangka (tangka means mountain, p. 285). Durga Saila
.. The El Burz mountain, as both the words Durga
and Burz mean a fort (see my Rasta la or the Under-World).
Town. MArkanda .. .. .. .. Samarkand (p. 274), the capital of Sogdo or
Sogdiana, called Maracanda (Bretschneider's Mediæval Researches, II, p. 58; McCrindle's Invasion of India by Alexander the Great,
p. 40). It should be noted that in Sakadvipa, the river Hiranvati (the river of gold) mentioned in the Mahabharata (VI, ch. 8), forming the boundary of the country of the Suparnas or Garudas, is evidently Zarafshan, the distributor of gold) It is the river Hataki-Nads of Rasktala of the Bhagavata (V, ch. 24). It rises in the Fan-tau mountains
and falls into Kara-kul lake. Babala-The capital of Madradesa (Mahabharata, Sabha, ch. 32). It has been identified
by Cunningham with Sanglawala-Tiba on the Apaga river west of the Ravi in the district of Jhang in the Panjab. But this identification has been proved to be erroneous, it has boen identified with Chuniot or Shakkot in the Jhang district. But Dr. Fleet ha identified
