________________
MAY, 1905.]
THE EIGHTEEN SONGS OF THE BONO-NA FESTIVAL
95
(kaliman in Tibetan) flower was brought to me, I could not determine it. Besides, in several cases, the same name is given to several scientifically very different flowers.
No. II. - Origin of the World. Text.
Translation 1. Mfyal nang dángpo yézho chágo
1. How did the earth first grow? Yarko mfyul thsốzhē chágs.
At first the earth grew on a lake. 2. Bázbē yê chágs
2. What grew on the water ? Bázhő pákar cbágs.
On the water grew a meadow. 3. Pakarri zbē yo chágs
3. What grew on the meadow? Rúng terợ cháge.
Three hills grew (there). 4. Rúng terá znára yé raza
4. What are the names of the three hills 1 Ek ránge znára chóngri shố rázisinnē.
The name of ono bill is the White Jewel
Hiu. 5. Ek ránge znúra yé rázisinna
5. What is the name of another hill ? Ek rúnge znára chóngri loto rázisinno.
The name of another hill is tho Bod
Jewel Fiu. 6. Ek ránge znúra yé rázisinnē
6. What is the name of one more hill ? Ek ránge xnára chóngri nyflo razisinne.
The name of one more hill is the Blue
Jewel Hill.' 7. Runge terabínjé yé chágs
7. What grow on the three hills ? Kóte terá chágs.
Three trees grew (there). 8. Terá kóto znúra yé rázisinna
8. What are the names of the three trees ? Ek kóto znára tsándan sho
The name of oue tree is the white sandal tree.' Ek kóto znára tsándan nyilo
The name of another trea is the blue
sandal tree.' Ek koto zaúra tsándan ito rázisinno.
The name of one more tree is the red
Randal tree.' 9. Terá kóto byá yê chágs
9. What birds grew on the three trees ? Terá kóto byá terá chágs.
Three birds grew on the three trees. Byā ékpoi znúra yé rázisinnē
10. What is the name of one bird ? Bya ékpoi znára byárgyal rgódporazisinnē. The name of one bird is Wild Eagle.' 11. Bya ékpoi znúrs yé rázisinnē
11. What is the name of another bird ? Byā ékpoi znúra kúrkur jólmo rázisinno.
The name of another bird is Barndoor
Hen.' 12. Byā ékpoi znúra yé rázisinnā
12. What is the name of one more bird ? Byi #kpoi znữra phéliki jolmô rázisingõ. The name of one more bird is Blackbird.'
Notes. The three mountains and trees are possibly thought to exist one on the top of the other, and thus to constitute the three worlds in correspondence to the tha yul, mi yul and klu yul of the Tibetan g Ling-chos. Also the system of colours, white for heaven, red for earth, and blue for underworld, is the same as that of the g Ling-chos. But in other respects the Dard system is different from the Tibetan system. Thus, according to the yLing-chos, the earth is formed out of the body of
giant, whilst here it grows out of the water. There are six birds on the tree of the world According to the gLing-chos, and here we have only three. The pencil oedar of Wostera Tibet is often called Sandal tree' (Toandon shing).
No. III. - Hunting the Ibez. Text.
Translation, 1. Póto Brúshal Gílitururou
1. Then at Brushal and Gilgit 2. Tárgnē sho nakhád
2. One hundred youths appear. 3. Nánggong Säthsillurunod
3. In the fertile village of Sathsil