Indian Antiquary Vol 26

SR No.: 032518
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Richard Carnac Temple
Publisher: Swati Publications
Publication Year: 1984
Total Pages: 360
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 15 MB

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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[OCTOBER, 1897.
1851. - "Yong, a court louse, place where justice is administered, seldom used singly." - Judson, Bur. Dict., 8. v.
1855. - No investigation shall take place, or decision be given, in civil suits at the inner or upper or Royal Conrts (Royal Criminal Court) or at the Yoom-dau; all such cases should be made over to the Tara-Yoom (or Civil Court).... All criminal cases shall be inquired into and decided at the Eastern Hall of Justice (Yoom-dau)." - Yule, Ava, p. 364.
1855. -"Within the Royal Kingdom all those that are under my Royal authority, the Hlwotdau (Sopreme Court), Yoom-dau (Inferior Court), Tsua bwas,...." - Yule, Ara, p. 367.
1870.-" The authorities inonr immediate vicinity are the Yoons of Zimmay." -- Coryton, Letter, To China through Moulmein, Apps. 5.
1882.-" Civil appeal cases sent from the Yohndaw or Criminal Court, where the Myowoons (city-burdens), usually two in number, sit daily : from the layah-Yohn, the Civil Court." Scott, the Burman, p. 243 f.
1893. -"Yong, n., & coart-house, place where justice is administered: v. to collect, assemble, gather together, (see) su; seldom used singly." - Stevenson, Bur. Dict. p. 936.
9.
Barter and Non-metallio Currenoy. To enter on a disquisition on the steps made by mankind from barter to non-metallic currency, and thence on to metallic currency and coinage would be necessarily to take up & subject as wide as the world, and it is not my intention in these pages to go further than to discuss it only so far as it concerns the Burmese and their neighbou18. A good and short state. ment of the whole question is to be found in Ridgeway's Origin of Currency, p. 10 ff.
A good many references have perforce been already made to barter in its varions forms, and it will be sufficient here to point out how far and in what shape it exists in Barma now, or has existed, so far as the materials at my command permit ine. In doing this an opportunity will present itself of slewing to what extent the customs of the Burmese illustrate the general subject.
Professor Terrien de la Cooperie in the introduction to his Catalogue of Chinese Coins, p. xx. f., gives an elaborate table of the "shapes of currency from barter to money," in which he enumerates 31 different descriptions of currency, beginning with gems and winding up with “the recent octagonal money of Belgium." He divides his 81 kinds of currency into three chief heads - natural, commercial, indnstrial; but he leaves out of account the preliminary step of barter of general produce, which has always existed and does still exist among the more primitive races of mankind. Of this tirst step we bave an exceedingly quaint and withal typical description in its earliest forms in Olearius, Voyages and Travels of the Ainbassa. dors to Muscovy, Turtury, Persia, etc., p. 73, of Davies' Translation (1652). After telling us (p. 699, that the Author, who hath made one digression, to speak of the Samojedes, though not falling ander the Subject of his Travels, thinks he may make another, to say somewhat of Groënland," goes on to state :-“There is no money in the Countrey, being so happy as not to know the value of Gold and Silver, Iron and Steel they most esteem, and prefer a Sword or a Hatchet before a Golden Cap, a Nail before a Crown piece, and a pair of Cisers, or & Knife, before a Jacobus. Their trucking is thus; they pat all they have to sell together, and having picked out among the Commodities that are brought to them, what they like best, they put them also together, and suffer those they deal with to add or diminish till such time ag they are content with the bargain."