________________
SPIRITUAL LIGHT. living organism is a seat of chemical anabolic and catabolic, constructive and disintegrative, and both these transformations come under Swabhāva. The third is Niyati which with the Jains signifies Nécessity and not as in the case with some other religions, the Decrea of God; because in the latter sense it takes away from us all the moral responsibility which lies only in our option of doing a thing and not in compulsion. Next is Karma or Deed revealing itself in the taking of the one concomitantly with the leaving of the other; it implies a change of relations or relative positions which is nothing but motive itself in one form or another. The cause of Karma is the substance itself and this explains the origin of the common adage' As you sow, so you reap.' Udyama in the simplest form is the desire to realise a particular end. If we ask what was the original cause of an organism coming into existence we must reply · Itself. Who was the creator ? • Itself. 'The highest philosophy brings us no other reply; beings and worlds are, because it was their pleasure to be. The working of these five causes can be illustrated by the development of seed into tree. The influence of the first two is potent. As to the third the seed will not grow unless there be a kind of necessity which is as if it were propelling it on its onward march. Again Udyama is also necessary. The seed if not planted by somebody and properly looked after by some agency will not thrive and the subsequent transformations will be impossible. Lastly the effect of Karma is also equally clear. Lamarck, Darwin,
103
