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स्वर्ण-जयन्ती गौरव-ग्रन्थ
on through three sense organs- in mind, body and speech in two ways, viz. by doing it himself or by getting in done through others. The aņuvratas are technically known as: sthūla-prāņātipātaviramana, sthūla-mrşāvāda-viramana, sthūla-adattādāna-viramana, svadāra-santoșa and icchā-parimāņa. These vows (aņuvratas and mahāvratas) are depends on the distinction between sthūla (subtle) and sūksma (gross). These five principles are: 1. Ahimsa
: Non-Killing and Non-Violence, 2. Satya
: Truth-Abstain from telling lie. 3. Asteya
: Non-Stealing. 4. Brahmacarya : Celibacy 5. Aparigraha
: Non-Attachment and Non-Possession. Ahimsa (non-violence)
The Jain conception of Ahimsa is quite different that what is commonly understood by non-violence. Ahimsa is the fundamental principle of Jainism forming cornerstone of its ethics and doctrine. Ahimsa means 'non-violence', 'non-injury' or absence of desire to harm any life forms. Ahimsa does not merely indicate absence of physical violence, but also indicates absence of desire to indulge in any sort of violence. It means not to injure any life whether small or big, but to gives protection to all jivas. Himsā implies not only killing, but also torturing or forcing a living creature to act against his will. To desist from such acts is ahimsa. In the words of Umasvsti, himsa is injury of violence caused to the living organism and actuated by passions like pride, prejudice, attachment and hatred. This makes it clear that the physical act is not separated from the mental attitude, and the two are equally important. Coordination between mind and body is thus necessary for the practice of Ahimsa. This should be accompanied by proper and measured speech. Therefore, the principle of non-violence implies purity of thought, word and deed. A Jain ascetic is expected to uphold the vow of Ahimsa to the highest standard, even at the cost of his own life. Monks not only observe this form of Ahimsa themselves, but also do not advise anybody to do such acts which cause death
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