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INTRODUCTION.
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or aspects. The Rijusutra recognises nothing but the thing itself as it appears at the moment, and has no concern with its name (náma), or image (stha. pana), or with the causes which bring it into existence (dravya). A certain class of philosophers attach great importance to this point of view, and maintain that one ought to consider things only as they appear at the present moment, and should not worry oneself over their past or future.
This view is certainly not likely to result in the perfection of knowledge or happiness by any means, being only confined to a very limited aspect of things.
(5) The S'abda, or the verbal standpoint, observes the distinctions of gender, number, case, tense, etc., in synonymous words. For instance, the words Dárá, Bháryá and Kalalra differ in their grammatical gender, though they all signify wife. We may, therefore, say that the S'abda Naya is the standpoint of the grammarian who distinguishes between the meaning of words, on the ground of gender, number, etc. According to some writers, the S'abda Naya ignores the differences of synonymous words and treats them as if they all signified identically the same thing. This seems to be the view of the author of the original text of this work.
