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JAIN CHURCH.
the Digambara sect. Of the earlier schisms, the Digambaras do not seem to know anything. But they say that under Bhadrabāhu rose the sect of Ardhaphālakas which in 80 A.D. developed into the Svētāmbara sect. Writing of this schism, Jacobi says, “It isoprobable that the separation of the sections of the Jain Church took place gradually, an individual development: going on in both groups, living at great distance from one another and that they became aware" of their frutual difference about the end of the 1st cent. A.D." The first great schism probably took place during the time of Mahāvīra who organised his own order of monks distinct from that of Parsvanāth. This is evident from the fact that even to-day there are Jains who trace their spiritual descent from l'arsvanāth and not from Mahāvīra. The same schism reappears in a more elaborate form and in a more acute manner during the time of Bhadrabāhu. As has been pointed out by Dr. Hoernle, the essential point of difference between the order of Parsvanāth and that of Mahāvīra was on the question of wearing a modicum of clothes. The final separation took place about the year 82 A.D. This involved the rejection by one sect of the canonical literature of the other.
The whole circumstance has thus been clearly Dr. Hoerale indicated by Dr. Hoernle. “In the second cen- schisma. tury after Mahāvīra's death, about 310 B.C., a very severe famine lasting twelve years took
Hastings, Encyclopædia of Religion and Ethics, Vol. VII, pp. 465 & 466.
on the
