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## Chapter 1: Introduction
**3. Six Types of Names:**
The six types of names are:
* **Gauṇyapada:** Names derived from qualities. For example, calling someone who knows all the principles "Sarvajña" (omniscient), or calling someone free from attachment and aversion "Vītarāga" (free from passions).
* **Nogauṇyapada:** Names that are not derived from qualities and are meaningless. For example, calling a poor man "Bhūpāla" (king), a weak person "Sahasramalla" (thousand-wrestler), or a blind person "Nayanasukha" (eye-delight).
* **Ādanapada:** Names derived from association with something. For example, calling someone with a staff "Daṇḍī" (staff-bearer), or someone with an umbrella "Chatrī" (umbrella-bearer).
* **Pratipakṣapada:** Names derived from opposition. For example, "Vidhavā" (widow), "Raṇḍuā" (widower).
* **Upacayapada:** Names given due to an increase in a particular body part. For example, calling someone with thick legs "Gajapada" (elephant-footed), or someone with long ears "Lamba Karṇa" (long-eared).
* **Apacayapada:** Names given due to the loss of a particular body part. For example, calling someone with a cut ear "Chinnakarṇa" (cut-eared), or someone with a cut nose "Nakṭa" (nose-cut).
In this context, the names "Kasāyapāhuḍ" and "Pejjaḍosapahuḍ" are Gauṇyapada names, as they describe the passions like anger (which is a form of aversion) and greed (which is a form of attachment), along with their various aspects like bondage, arising, stimulation, and existence.
**4. Seven Types of Evidence:**
The seven types of evidence are:
* **Nāma:** Name.
* **Sthāpanā:** Establishment.
* **Saṅkhyā:** Number.
* **Dravya:** Substance.
* **Kṣetra:** Region.
* **Kāla:** Time.
* **Jñāna:** Knowledge.
The word "Prāmāṇa" itself is a Nāmaprāmāṇa (evidence based on name).
* **Sthāpanāprāmāṇa:** Placing the desired object on wood, stone, etc. Or, the deposition of knowledge like perception, scripture, etc., in its actual or non-actual form.
* **Saṅkhyāprāmāṇa:** The number of substances or qualities, like hundred, thousand, lakh, etc.
* **Dravyaprāmāṇa:** Measures like pal, tulā, kuḍava, etc.
* **Kṣetraprāmāṇa:** Measures like angul, hasta, dhanu, yojana, etc.
* **Kālaprāmāṇa:** Measures like time, āvalī, muhūrta, pakṣa, māsa, etc.
* **Jñānaprāmāṇa:** Five types of knowledge: perception, scripture, clairvoyance, mind-reading, and omniscience.
In this context, only three types of evidence are relevant: name, number, and scriptural knowledge. This is because the other types of evidence are not relevant here.