Silakkhandhavagga Abhinava Tika Part 1

SR No.: 009985
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Vipassana Research Institute Igatpuri
Publisher: Vipassana Research Institute Igatpuri
Publication Year: 1998
Total Pages: 516
Language: Sanskrit
Classification: Interfaith, Buddhism, R000, & R005
File Size: 19 MB

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Notes on the pronunciation of Pāli
Pāli was a dialect of northern India in the time of Gotama the Buddha. The earliest known script in which it was written was the Brahmi script of the third century B.C. After that it was preserved in the scripts of the various countries where Pali was maintained. In Roman script, the following set of diacritical marks has been established to indicate the proper pronunciation.
The alphabet consists of forty-one characters: eight vowels, thirty-two consonants and one nasal sound (niggahita).
Vowels (a line over a vowel indicates that it is a long vowel):
a as the "a" in about
ā
- as the "a" in father
1 as the "i" in mint
- as the "ee" in see
as the "oo" in cool
-
u - as the "u" in put
e is pronounced as the "ay" in day, except before double consonants when it is pronounced as the "e" in bed: deva, metta;
o is pronounced as the "o" in no, except before double consonants when it is pronounced slightly shorter: loka, photthabba.
i
ū
Consonants are pronounced mostly as in English.
g - as the "g" in get
C - soft like the "ch" in church
v a very soft -v- or -w
All aspirated consonants are pronounced with an audible expulsion of breath following the normal unaspirated sound.
th - not as in 'three'; rather 't' followed by 'h' (outbreath) ph- not as in 'photo'; rather 'p' followed by 'h' (outbreath)
The retroflex consonants: t, th, d, dh, n are pronounced with the tip of the tongueturned back; and I is pronounced with the tongue retroflexed, almost a combined 'rl' sound.
The dental consonants: t, th, d, dh, n are pronounced with the tongue touching the upper front teeth.
The nasal sounds:
ǹ guttural nasal, like -ng- as in singer
-
ñas in Spanish señor
n with tongue retroflexed m- as in hung, ring
Double consonants are very frequent in Pali and must be strictly pronounced as long consonants, thus -nn- is like the English 'nn' in "unnecessary".
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