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Touch:
Taste:
Smell:
Color:
Earth
1.4 Characteristic modes
Schubring, an eminent German Indologist has mentioned that among all inanimate fundamental realities, pudgala alone is palpable because it has four qualities, namely:
cold, hot, rough, smooth, light, heavy, soft and hard
acid, sweet, sour, bitter and astringent
fragrant, foul
black, blue, red, yellow and white
Water
Fire
INTERNATIO
Air
SCHOOL
Due to these qualities pudgala can be experienced through senses; that is through touch, taste, smell, sight and hearing. It addition to these quality pudgala has a form. Jainas have used the technical words rūpa, murta / concrete for the word, form of the pudgala. We find an interesting discussion in this connection. All pudgala are said to be possessed of rupa and here rupa literally means colour but Jains have described rūpa as form also.
touch, taste, smell, color,
The change in magnitude and intensity of various essential attributes of pudgala causes the evolution of certain other secondary qualities. They are: sound, binding, grossness, configuration, splitting, darkness, subtleness, shadow, hot radiation and cold radiation.
touch, taste, color
touch, color
Touch
OF
SELF STUDY IS THE SUPREME AUSTERITY
Farenga
परम
2. Other Indian Philosophies:
The term pudgala has been employed by other Indian Philosophies. The Buddhists imply pudgala to mean Jīva, that is, conscious. It is just opposite to Jaina concept of pudgala. And in the systems like Vaisesika, Nyaya, Samkhya, pudgala is known by the names like pradhana, parmaānu and prakrti. The Jaina philosopher does not believe in class distinction of atoms like earth, air, fire and water as the Vaiseśika philosopher does. The atoms are homogeneous and give rise to different species of matter like earth, air etc. on account of the manifestation and cessation of qualities. They have proposed as follows:
STUDY NOTES version 5.0
तप
STUDIES 46
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| SR No. | 007712 |
| Book Title | ISJS Jainism Study Notes E5 Vol 02 |
| Original Sutra Author | N/A |
| Author | International School for Jain Studies |
| Publisher | International School for Jain Studies |
| Publication Year | 2012 |
| Total Pages | 404 |
| Language | English |
| Classification | Book_English |
| File Size | 13 MB |