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158
DÎNKARD, BOOK VIII.
of that which is for washing?. 32. About the heinous pollution and grievous sinfulness of devouring dead matter, or of bringing it to fire or water through sinfulness? 33. About the winter, the demon-produced terror, the spider and locusts, sickness of many kinds, and much other evil, which become threatening in the world owing to the formation of dead matter". 34. About how to cleanse wood, corn, and fodder from the dead matter which comes upon it.
35. About medical treatment with spells, the knife, and herbs; how to test a medical man, the fee for curing, and whatever is on the same sub
i Vend. VII, 1-5, 10–16. Nothing is said about VII, 6-9, 17-22 (which passages are merely a repetition of V, 27-30, 57-62), but this omission may be owing to the fact that these passages are so abbreviated in the MSS. as to be easily overlooked, especially by a reader of the Pahlavi version only.
3 Vend. VII, 23-26.
: Pahl, tanand va-mak (=meg), evidently equivalent to the Av. sûnô madhakhayauska of Vend. VII, 26, which are rendered by tûn mêgo-k in the Pahlavi version. The identity of Av. madhakha with Pahl, madag, or mêg, Pers. maîg, mala'h
a locust,' has long been recognised (see Darmesteter's Etudes Iranniennes, II, p. 199). But the meaning of Av. sûn = Paz. tûn has been merely guessed to be 'a mosquito;' the Avesta word having been transcribed as sîn, or sin, in the prose Sad-dar, LXXII, 2, and explained by the Persian gloss pasah,'a gnat or fly,' by some copyists, while others have read san (for sin) and have substituted its synonym sal, a year,' or have read bis, a poisonous herb,' instead of pasah. With regard to the word un tanand, spider,' in our text, it may be observed that it has descended from a much older copy of the Pahlavi Vendidad than any that could have been consulted by the author of the Sad-dar, and it is easy to see how an original Pahl. 511 could have been read.19 in Pazand by later copyists of the Vendidad. • Vend. VII, 26, 27.
6 Vend. VII, 28-35.
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