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BK. XXX.
BZE 1.
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they can escape (the punishment ;-Analects, II, iii). Hence, when the ruler of the people loves them as his sons, they feel to him as a parent; when he binds them to himself by his good faith, they do not turn away from him; when he presides over them with courtesy, their hearts are docile to him. It is said in the Punishments of Fa (Sha, V, xxvii, 3), “Among the people of Miâo they did not use orders simply, but the restraints of punishment. They made the five punishments engines of oppression, calling them the laws.” In this way their people became bad, and (their rulers) were cut off for ever (from the land).'
4. The Master said, 'Inferiors, in serving their superiors, do not follow what they command, but what they do. When a ruler loves anything, those below him are sure to do so much more. Therefore the superior should by all means be careful in what he likes and dislikes. This will make him an example to the people?'
5. The Master said, 'When Yü had been on the throne three years, the humanity of the common people was in accordance with his ;-was it necessary that all (at court) should be perfectly virtuous ? It is said in the Book of Poetry (II, v, ode 7, 1), "Awe-inspiring are you, O (Grand-)Master Yin,
And the people all look up to you." It is said in the Punishments of Fa (V, xxvii, 13), "I, the One man, will have felicity, and the millions of the people will look to you as their sure dependence." It is said in the Ta Yâ (III, i, ode 9, 3),
1 This again looks very much as if this Treatise were a continuation of the last. [28]
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