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84
The Li xî.
BK. XVI.
were said to have made grand attainments. After this the training was sufficient to transform the people, and to change (anything bad in) manners and customs. Those who lived near at hand submitted with delight, and those who were far off thought (of the teaching) with longing desire. Such was the method of the Great learning; as is said in the Record, “The little ant continually exercises the art (of amassing).'
6. At the commencement of the teaching in the Great college, (the masters) in their skin caps presented the offerings of vegetables (to the ancient sages), to show their pupils the principle of reverence for them; and made them sing (at the same time) the (first) three pieces of the Minor Odes of the Kingdom, as their first lesson in the duties of officers. When they entered the college, the drum was beaten and the satchels were produced, that they might begin their work reverently. The cane and the thorns 3 were there to secure in them · . a proper awe. It was not till the time for the summer sacrifice + was divined for, that the testing examination was held ;—to give composure to their minds. They were continually under inspection, but not spoken to,—to keep their minds undisturbed. They listened, but they did not ask questions; and
See the note of Callery in loc. The quotation is from some old Record; it is not known what.
• The three pieces were the La Ming, the Zze Mâu, and the Hwang-hwang Kê hwâ, the first three pieces in the first decade of the Shih, Part II; showing the harmony and earnestness of officers.
• Callery calls these 'la latte et la baguette.'
• Khung Ying-tâ thought this was the quinquennial sacrifice. See the Khien-lung editors on the point.
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