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Verse 4
Perception or Darśana is of four kinds. Perception through visual sensations, perception through non-visual senses, again that through the faculty of Avadhi, or clairvoyance, and lastly through Kevala or infinite perception, which is unlimited and apprehends all reality. Commentary - Darśana or perception implies merely the awareness that a thing exists. It corresponds to knowledge by acquaintance. Understanding the reality thus apprehended is Jñāna. In a rough way, Darśana and Jñāna may be said to correspond to the sensibility and understanding of Kant's system. Thus understanding and perception apprehend things gradually one after the other. But in the case of Kevalis the two faculties are co-extensive with the complete reality. The whole existence is perceived and understood at the same time, and as there is no reality beyond such faculty, it is not necessary for such a person to attend to things one after the other.
Chakravarti Nayanar, A., Ācārya Kundakunda’s Pañcāstikāya-Sāra, p. 40.
