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Elaboration—To compound two or more words by shortening them according to the rules of Sanskrit or Prakrit grammar is called samas or compounding.
The meanings of the compounded words are not necessarily same or similar. However, on compounding, one of these may become prominent and others subordinate. Samas is of seven types explained in the following aphorisms.
Explaining briefly the commentator (Tika) says-On compounding we are left with just one word, all others disappear. That which remains also conveys the meaning of the word that disappears (on the basis of Vritti by Hemachandra). (क) द्वन्द्व समास
२९५. से किं तं दंदे समासे ?
दंदे समासे-दन्ताश्च औष्ठोश्च दन्तौष्ठम्, स्तनौ च उदरं च स्तनोदरम्, वस्त्रं च पात्रं च वस्त्रपात्रम्, अश्वाश्च महिषाश्च अश्वमहिषम्, अहिश्च नकुलश्च अहिनकुलम्। से तं दंदे समासे।
२९५. (प्र.) वह द्वंद्व समास क्या है ?
(उ.) द्वंद्व समास (समुच्चयप्रधानो द्वन्द्वः-जिस समास में सब पदों की प्रधानता हो वह द्वन्द्व है) के उदाहरण हैं-दन्ताश्च औष्टौ च-दन्तौष्ठम् (अंग वाचक-दाँत और होठ), स्तनौ च उदरं च-स्तनोदरम् (स्तन और उदर), वस्त्रं च पात्रं च-वस्त्रपात्रम् (वस्तु वाचक-वस्त्र और पात्र), अश्वाश्च महिषाश्च-अश्वमहिषम् (जन्मजात वैरी वाचक-अश्व और महिष), अहिश्च नकुलश्च-अहिनकुलम् (साँप और नकुल)। यह द्वन्द्व समास के उदाहरण हैं। (A) DVANDVA SAMASA
295. (Q.) What is this Dvandva samasa (co-ordinative compound)?
(Ans.) The (examples of) Dvandva samasa (co-ordinative compound or a compound where all components have equal importance) are as follows-Dantashcha OshtauchaDantaushtham (teeth + lips = teeth and lips) (compounding of body parts), Stanau cha Udaram cha-Stanodaram (breasts + belly = breast and belly) (compounding of body parts), Vastram cha
सचित्र अनुयोगद्वार सूत्र-२
(36)
Illustrated Anuyogadvar Sutra-2
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