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(2) Shrut-jnana (Scriptural knowledge)-The knowledge acquired by hearing sound, word or speech in the form of meaning is called shrut-jnana. Although this type of knowledge is also received with the help of sense organs and the mind, because of the larger involvement of the processes of thinking and contemplating it is primarily considered to be an activity of mind. There are two processes involved in acquiring this knowledge—(1) Through thinking, and (2) through edifying experience. It is stated in Nandi Sutra that shrut-jnana follows mati-jnana and it is word oriented. According to Tattvarth Sutra (1/11) it is taught by others.
(3) Avadhi-jnana (Extra-sensory perception of the physical dimension)-The knowledge acquired by the soul without the help of sense organs and mind is known as avadhijnana. It follows two rules—(1) Its capacity is to see and know only material things; the formless things are beyond its capacity. (2) It has the capacity to directly perceive material things only within certain defined parameters (avadhi).
(4) Manahparyav-jnana-Beings endowed with mind are called sanjni or sentient. The knowledge that perceives and interprets transformations taking place within the mind of sentient beings in the form of thoughts and attitudes is known as manahparyav-jnana.
(5) Keval-jnana-The knowledge which comes with the total extinction of the Jnanavaraniya Karma is keval-jnana. It covers all attributes and modes of all things worth knowing, in the occupied and unoccupied space, in all the three sections of time.
All beings in the world possess mati-jnana and shrut-jnana.
The beings of the divine and infernal realms have avadhijnana since birth. Human beings and animals acquire it only as a consequence of kshayopasham (the process of extinction-cumpacification) of specific karmas. आवश्यक प्रकरण
The Discussion on Essentials
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