Essence and Substance of Yoga

SR No.: 007592
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: S M Jain
Publisher: S M Jain
Publication Year: 2009
Total Pages: 91
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 1 MB

Page 49

- Yogdrishtisamuchhaya by Harbhadhra Suri
"Kanta (Haribhadra Suri's synonym for Dharna) is concentration of mind on one thing".
"इत्येवमादिषु देशेषु बाह्य वा विषये चित्तस्यवृतिमात्रेणइतिधारणा।"
- Vyakhyapragyapti Bhashya
"Concentration of mind at one place, on one object is Dharna". This is similar to Patanjali's definition.
Dhyan the seventh stage is continuation of such concentration established in sixth stage.
“तस्मिनदेशे ध्येयात्नम्बनस्य प्रत्ययस्यै कतानतासदृशः प्रवाहः प्रत्ययान्तरेणापरामृष्टो ध्यानम् ।।"
- Vyakhya Pragypti Bhashya
"When concentration continues, it is Dhyan (Contemplation)".
In Jain system of yoga there is great emphasis on meditation and it is not confined to just sitting and contemplating but also implies undertaking all activities of mind, speech and body with awareness and mindfulness. There are four forms of Dhyana (meditation) described extensively and comprehensively.
"चत्वारि ध्यानानि प्रज्ञप्तानि, तद्यथा आर्तध्यानं, शैद्रध्यानं, धर्मध्यानं शुक्लध्यानम् ।” "आर्तध्यानम् चतुर्विधं प्रज्ञप्तम्, तद्यथा अमनोज्ञसम्प्रयोग सम्प्रयुक्तः ....."मनोज्ञ सम्प्रयोगसम्प्रयुक्तः, आतङ्कसम्प्रयोग सम्प्रयुक्तः, परिजूषित काम भोग सम्प्रयोगसम्प्रयुक्त।" । “रौद्रध्यानं चतुर्विधं प्रज्ञप्तं तद्यथा हिंसानुबन्धि, मृषानुबन्धि स्तेयानुबन्धि, संरक्षणानुबन्धि ।” "धर्मध्यानं चतुर्विध प्रज्ञप्तं, तद्यथा आज्ञाविचयः, अपायविचयः, विपाक विचयः, संस्थान् विचयः ।" “शुक्लध्यानं चतुविधं प्रज्ञप्तम्, तद्यथा पृथकत्वावितर्कः सविचारी, एकत्ववितर्कः अविचारी, सूक्ष्मक्रिया - अनिवर्ति, सम्मूछन्न क्रिया अप्रतिप्राती।"
- Vyakhya Pregypti Bhashya
This classification and sub classification covers entire gamut of activities of mind, speech and body from inferior stages to higher and higher stages till salvation. The first two forms Artadhyan and Raudradhyan are inferior, derogatory and should be abandoned.