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JAINA LAY ADHERENTS.
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10. Des a va..
Vrata (ayne 47) is generally for life, but sometimes for
only five or ten years. One promises for 8. Anartha Danda the fixed period not to think evil of any Vrata.
one, not to be too overjoyed at the good fortune of any one, not to be careless in one's work, and not to keep more weapons than are necessary, and to keep those in safe places. The ninth vow, Sāmāyiku (H141143 ), relates to one's
religious duties. One promises in it to 9. Sa'ma'yika.
a spend a certain portion of time in meditation every day or every year.
The tenth vow, Des’ūvukās'ika Vrata ( Ell1951 fais 991), is taken for one day only; one vows to limit the space he
will travel over, to increase the period of
to meditation either at home or in the ka's'ika Vrata.
* Upāsaro, and to decrease the number of things he will use on that particular day.
The effect of the eleventh vow, Posadha Vrata (214497) must be to connect the laity still closer with the monastic
in order, for in it one promises to lead a 11. Posadha Vrata
a monk's life for a day. This means ( in practice ) to fast from food and drink for that period.
The twelfth vow, Atithi Samvibhāga Vrata ( au Galea zilarli'l 48), must be equally useful to the monastic orders,
for in it the layman promises to set aside 12. Alms.
every day a special portion of food for the poor or for ascetics.
Caste and Customs. The Jaina say that Mahāvira's second great message
