Introduction to Ardhamagadhi

SR No.: 006965
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: A M Ghatage
Publisher: School & College Book Stall
Publication Year: 1941
Total Pages: 268
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 14 MB

Page 74

S. 108.]
VOWELS
61
103 LENGTHENING OF VOWELS
(i) Short vowels followed by a conjunct are represented by long vowels followed by simple consonants. कर्तव्य = कायव्व duty; वर्ष = वास year ; पश्यति = पासइ sees.
(ii) Long vowels followed by a conjunct are represented by long vowels followed by simple consonants. ईश्वर = ईसर god ; दीर्घ =दीह long ; शीर्ष =सीस head; गात्र =गाय limb; गोत्र =गोय name.
(iii) Short vowel with an anusvāra is represented by a long vowel : विंशत् = वीसं twenty; दंष्टा = दाढा fang; सिंह =सीह lion; संरक्षण = सारक्खण protection.
All these cases find their explanation in the law of metrical length which is preserved everywhere.
(iv) On account of emphasis a vowel is lengthened, when followed by एव : एवामेव indeed thus ; खिप्पामेव quickly; तणामवि even a blade of grass; Arnê even in minor directions.
(v) Vocative forms, imperative and other words used in addressing, lengthen their final vowel which may be called प्लुति : आणंदा इ 0 Ananda; पासहा see; होऊ णं let it be so.
(vi) The end of the first member is often lengthened in compounds. रजतमय = रययामय made of silver; वज्रमय = वइरामय
made of dimonds; compounds with perfixes : प्रकट =पायड clear; प्रवचन = पावयण preaching; अभिजित् = अभीइ a constellation; व्यतिव्रज्वीईवय to proceed ; with the suffix कः मुहूर्तक= मुहुत्ताग moment; क्षुद्रक = खुड्डाग small; अनादिक = अणाईय endless.
Here also the rhythm may be partially responsible for the length of the vowels, particularly when the word is composed of a series of short syllables. ___(vii) Purely metrical lengthening is found in : मईमं= मतिमान् wise ; सहई = सहते suffers; वियाणिया = विज्ञाय knowing; कयाई = कदाचित् at some time.