Sahrdayaloka Part 03

SR No.: 006910
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Tapasvi Nandi
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad
Publication Year: 2005
Total Pages: 676
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 15 MB

Page 94

The concept of “Rasa”
1269 sva-sabda-sthāyi-sañcāri
vibhāvā'bhinaya"spadam." "that in which the development of sentiments such as śrngāra and the like is clearly shown, and in which are included (the indicators such as) a verbal statement of the sentiments, the stāyin, the sancārins, vibhāvas and abhinaya."
Now 'rasavat' is that 'having rasa'. This is different from the earlier alamkara which centres round bhāva' and not 'rasa'. But Udbhata seems to believe that 'rasa' can be 'sva-sabda-vācya' and this is absolutely against the dictum of Anandavardhana and Abhinavagupta and their followers. Jagannātha gives a number of views on rasa, where even sthāyin, sancūrin, vibhāva, abhinaya (i.e. anubhava) etc. are also individually taken as rasa or indicators, or suggestors of rasa. So, this theory also is ancient, though immature. Udbata also mentions nine rasas, with 'śānta' clearly mentioned as a separate rasa. Poetry as substratum of rasa is said to be 'rasavat' as explained by Vivrtikāra (pp. 34) : "tesām aspadam yat kāvyam badhyate tat kāvyabandhanam rasavat.” Pratīhārendurāja also observes (pp. 58, ibid) : "etesām ca svasabdā"dīnām pañcānām samasta-rūpatayā śrngārā"di-rasā"virbhāvo darśyate tat kāvyam rasavat, rasāḥ khalu tasya alamkārāḥ.”
Dr. De, as we had quoted earlier seems to be under the influence of these commentators.
Pratīhārendurāja is himself perplexed as he knows both Anandavardhana and Abhinavagupta. He can not explain the ancient ālamkārikas in their proper context. So, he observes : (pp. 58. ibid) - "rasānām bhāvānām ca kävyaśobhā'tiśava-hetutvāt kim kāvvā'lamkāratvam uta kāvya-sīvitatvam iti na tāvad vicāryate grantha-gaurava-bhayāt. rasa-bhāva-syarūpam cā'tra na vivecitam aprakrtatvād bahuvaktavvatvāc ca."
'Urjasvi' is explained by Udbhasa in a way which has nothing to do with what Bhāmaha or Dandin had to say. For Udbhata, what is later termed rasā"bhāsa or bhāvā”bhāsa is said to be 'Ürjasvi'. He observes : (IV. 9. pp. 59)
"anaucitya-pravṛttānām kāma-krodhā'di-kāraņāt, bhāvānām ca rasānām ca
bandha ürjasvi kathyate." i.e., Úrjasvi is "the delineation of sentiments (= rasas), and feeling (= bhāvas) which hurt the sense of propriety in their depiction, or which are expressed in