Sahrdayaloka Part 03

SR No.: 006910
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Tapasvi Nandi
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad
Publication Year: 2005
Total Pages: 676
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 15 MB

Page 93

1268
SAHRDAYĀLOKA Udbhata : In the fourth varga of his Kāvyālamkāra, he mentions emotion-based figures in the first kārikā. He defines, what he calls 'preyasvat' in IV. ii as -
"ratyā"dikānām bhāvānām anubhāvā”di-sūcane yat kävyam badhyate sadbhis
tat preyasvad udāhstam." When great poets compose poem in which 'rati' and such other bhāvas are indicated (or suggested) by anubhāvas or consequents it is said to be having 'preyas' - i.e. it is 'preyasvar. The Vivrti (Edn. G.O.S., '31) suggests that here 'rati' is to be understood with reference to god, preceptor, king etc. "ratir iha deva-guru nộpā"di-visayā gļhyate.
Pratīhārendurāja also explains that this viz. preyasvat is a 'bhāvakávya’ The N.S. Edn. Bombay, 1928, pp. 56 has -
"evam ete bhāvānām avagati-hetavaś carvāraḥ yad uktam bhattódbhatena - "catūrūpā bhāvā”.
tad esām ratyā"dikānām bhāvānām pañcāśat-samkhyānām yāny anubhāvā"dibhiś catur samkhyaih samastatvena vyastatvena ca yathayogam sūcanāni sva-laksana svarūpāņām sāmānyavasthā”päditānām pratipädanāni taiḥ kāvyam, upanibadhyamānam preyasvat. 'preyah'-sabdavācyena priyatarena ratyā"lambanena vibhāvanena ratir upalaksyate. tayā ca sāhacaryād ratya”dayo bhāvāh pañcasad avagamyante. evam ca bhāva-kāvyasya preyasvad iti laksanay, vyapadeśah. atra ca bhāvānām alamkāratā, kāvyam alamkāryam.”
'Preyas' is alamkāra and 'preyas-vať kāvya is alamkārya for Udbhata as explained by Pratihārendurāja.
Vivrtikāra (on IV. 2 pp. 32), is also clear that - "kāntā-viṣayāyās tu rateḥ sūcane rasavad alamkāro vaksyate.” When love is narrated with reference to the beloved it is the province of 'rasavat alamkāra. Actually the more we read of Vivrti and also of Laghu-vrtti, we feel that both the Vivrtikāra as well as Pratihārendurāja are not great alamkārikas and they do not have a very clear grasp of the basics of aesthetics as explained at the highest level by both Ānandavardhana and Abhinavagupta, who are a class by themselves. 'Rasavat is the next alamkāra discussed by Udbhata at IV. 3 (or 4) as -
“rasavad darśita-spastaśrngāra"di rasad ayam,