Sahrdayaloka Part 01

SR No.: 006908
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Tapasvi Nandi
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad
Publication Year: 2005
Total Pages: 602
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 14 MB

Page 152

Sabda-vyāpāra-vicāra
127 rests on a serious contemplation on the science of semantics evolved by the alamkārikas with original inspirations received from both Mīmāmsā-śästra and vyakarana-śāstra, to a great extent.
So, for the sanskrit ālamkārikas word in poetry has three powers or functions called sakti or vyāpāra. These powers or functions are three, the first to begin with is termed as mukhyā-sakti or primary power, or abhidhāśakti also called vācakaśakti or the power of direct expression of primary sense, i.e. denotation or the power which gives the conventional meaning or dictionary meaning. The second is the power of indication or laksanā-sakti, also called a-mukhyā sakti or secondary power giving a secondary sense. This laksanā-vyāpāra makes for any deviation, giving a-mukhyàrtha or laksyàrtha. The third is the power of suggestion or vyañjanā-vyāpāra giving the suggested sense. We will go to see the nature and scope of these three powers or functions of a word and will evaluate the whole discussion by various ālamkārikas accepting or rejecting the power of suggestion. The terms vyāpāra, śakti and vịtti are used as synonyms from practical point of view. These different śabda-vyāpāras give word-meanings that are different in nature and scope.
Alamkārikas by and large have termed kāvya i.e. poetry as both word and meaning i.e. the sāhitya or coming together of sound and sense. As observed earlier the sense in poetry has to be charming and thus a close study of the powers of a word is basically related to the appreciation and classification of poetry. As noted, the abhidā-vrtti or mukhyā-vrtti or vācaka-vrtti delivers the abhidhảrtha, or he mukhyårtha, also called the vācyàrthā or the conventional meaning. The ibhidhårtha is termed the samketita-artha also. The laksyårtha or secondary or ndicated sense is derived through laksanā or the secondary power of a word inder some special circumstances. So, also the vyangyàrtha or suggested sense is lerived from the suggestive function, the vyañjanā vyāpāra under special context. These powers operate on account of their special conditions. The word giving ibhidhårtha or vacyårtha is designated as vācaka sabda, and the others responsible or the secondary and suggested senses are termed indicative and suggestive words .e. lakṣaka and vyañjaka sabdas. One and the same word, under special context an be termed as vācaka and vyañjaka or vācaka, lakşaka and vyañjaka as the ase may be.
Yet another power or function termed "tātpaya’-vrtti is also mentioned in lamkāra works. But the general opinion is in favour of calling it a 'vākya-vịtti' and ot a sabda-vrtti. By vākya-vrtti is meant power of conveying sense that goes with