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NYAYA.
removal of ignorance; indirectly, it enables one to adopt of that which is good and to avoid the harmful. Pramâna ultimately leads to moksa (nirvâna), the goal of soul's evolution.
CHAPTER XXV.
According to Buddhist logicians, the true hetu should possess the following three characteristics:(i) it should be present in the paksa,
(ii) it should also exist in the sapaksa, and (iii) it should not be found in the vipaksa. The paksa has already been explained to mean the sadhya and its abode, the dharmi; but sapakşa is the place where the sâdhana and sadhya are known to abide in some already familiar instance, while vipaksa embraces all other places where the very possibility of the existence of the sâdhya is counter-indicated.
Illustration.
This hill (pakşa) is full of fire, Because it is full of smoke;
Whatever is full of smoke is full of fire, as a kitchen (su paksa):
Whatever is not full of fire is also not full of smoke, as a pond (vipaksa).
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qualities which are common to the whole class together with those special features of its own which are not to be found in any other member of that class. This amounts to saying that neither the absolutely general nor the absolutely particular can ever exist by itself in nature.
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